Exploiting Enclosing Membranes and Contextual Cues for Mitochondria Segmentation

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Ferroptosis is a form of cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, with specific lipid species playing key roles in modulating susceptibility. Among these, ether lipids have shown conflicting effects, being linked to both protection and sensitization. Here, we dissect the relationship between lipid structure and ferroptosis sensitivity and explain how ether lipids exert context-dependent effects. Ether lipids can promote ferroptosis through a metabolic bias towards the accumulation of polyunsa

Autophagosome biogenesis is a highly coordinated membrane remodeling process that relies on the de novo formation and expansion of the phagophore, yet the cellular principles governing its spatial and temporal organization remain incompletely understood. Accumulating evidence now places the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) at the center of this process, not merely as a membrane source, but as a dynamic scaffold that organizes phagophore assembly through extensive membrane contact sites with multiple organelles. E

Since their discovery, scanning probe microscopy (SPM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques have been extensively employed across diverse research fields for nanoscale characterization and analysis. While their ex-situ combination has been widely used, the in-situ integration of the two techniques has gained significant traction in recent years. This review highlights the journey of bringing the complementary capabilities of these two instruments into a single platform, with the focus on extrac

The preparation of cryo-EM samples by soft-landing mass spectrometry promises to significantly simplify sample optimization, which has remained an important bottleneck in single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). However, only compacted configurations are observed after soft-landing since the proteins are dehydrated in the process. Here, we demonstrate that proteins can be returned to their native state by depositing a layer of amorphous ice and briefly flash melting the sample to rehydrate the so

Natural biocomposites such as wood and plant cell walls exhibit prominent mechanical properties largely attributed to the nanoscale organization of fibrous components, such as cellulose, which often adopt chiral arrangements. However, resolving the three-dimensional (3D) arrangement of these structures at the nanoscale remains a significant challenge, particularly in beam-sensitive materials. This study introduces a method for 3D reconstruction of orientation based on scanning electron diffraction (SED), en

Preferred particle orientation remains a frequently encountered issue in cryo-electron microscopy that arises when proteins adsorb to the air-water interface in only a limited number of orientations. This can significantly increase the data acquisition time required to reach a desired resolution or even make it impossible to obtain a reconstruction altogether. Here, we show that preferred orientation can be overcome by continuously exciting the sample with ultrasonic waves during vitrification. Our experime

Understanding the structure of biomolecules at the single-molecule level is crucial for elucidating their biological function. Traditional structural biology techniques such as X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy rely on ensemble averaging and often struggle to resolve flexible or non-crystalline systems. On the other hand, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) provides valuable insights into the structure and dynamics of molecular systems, but its application becomes increasingly cha

A new approach for estimating inner axon radii from intra-axonal T2 relaxation times was recently proposed. However, further validations are required before this technique can be used widely. The main aim of this study is to validate this T2-based pore size estimation technique in phantoms comprising co-electrospun hollow axon-mimicking fibres designed to have non-circular cross-sections and different radii distributions. For this purpose, a diffusion-relaxation MRI dataset was acquired with a 7T preclinica

Sphingolipids are abundant components of eukaryotic cells. Their localization in the plasma membrane allows for the cell to carry out multiple important functions for its viability. One of the most important roles of the sphingolipids is their ability to form, along with other lipid compounds, complex structures which attribute to the membrane of the cell its functional role to selectively allow transport of molecules, participate in signaling, react under heat stress and regulate growth. In yeast multiple

We present a method that allows the on-demand release and mixing of zepto- to femtoliter vols. of solns. in the interior of vesicular nanoreactors. The reactors comprise a nested system of lipid vesicles, part of which release their cargo in the interior of the others during a thermotropic phase transition. The performance of individual reactors immobilized on glass is characterized using confocal microscopy and a fluorescent dye that reports diln. during the release. The results confirm the predicted temp.

A transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study using weak-beam imaging has been addressed in order to assess the microstructure of NiAl (100) single-crystals subsequently to irradiation at room temperature with 700 keV nickel ions up to 10(15) cm(-2) or 1.5 dpa, namely, defect cluster formation and respective depth distribution. This work shows that the incoming ions undergo channeling along the [100] crystallographic direction and that the actual projected range is approximately 500 nm instead of the 250 n

Relaxor Pb(Sc1/2Nb1/2)O-3 (PSN) thin films without pyrochlore phase were processed from the modified alkoxide solution precursors. The preparation of single phase PSN thin films has a narrow processing window due to the appearance of an undesirable pyrochlore phase and volatility of PbO. Thin film processing has been improved through selection of precursor solutions, heat treatment and optimized deposition-condition are optimized. Especially, the effects of Pt substrates seeded with additional layers upper

Innovative structured catalysts based on nanoparticles of gold supported on activated carbon fibers (ACF) in the form of woven fabrics are presented for low-temperature CO oxidation. Gold was deposited by adsorption from aqueous solution of ethylenediamine complex [Au(en)2]Cl3 followed by reduction in hydrogen. The catalysts were studied under transient reaction conditions and characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray energy dispersive analysis (EDS). HRTEM-EDS show

Nickel-aluminium intermetallics constitute interesting systems for the study of irradiation-induced phase transformations (order → disorder, amorphization) and production of defects. Irradiation of ordered intermetallics may induce disorder or amorphization depending on the projectile characteristics, irradiation conditions and chemical and physical properties of the target. The behavior of the various intermetallic compounds of the nickel-aluminium system with respect to electron and ion irradiation has be

Over almost 50 years of its development, the science of immunology has become an indispensable tool for the understanding of the histology of tissues. Antibodies are highly specific probes, so that tissue structure can be interpreted not just by morphological considerations but by association with a wide variety of physiological molecular antigens. The simple concept of an antibody linked to a microscopically dense marker remains constant in each application of the technique, such as the use of fluorescent

Pb1-xCaxTiO3 thin films with x = 0-0.3 for pyroelectric applications were deposited on platinized silicon wafers by chemical solution processing. Ca-substitution for Pb in PbTio(3) results in a reduced cia ratio of the unit cell, which, in turn, leads to better pyroelectric properties. Control of nucleation and growth during rapid thermal annealing to 650 degrees C allowed the formation of either highly porous or dense (111) oriented films. The inclusion of pores creates a matrix-void composite with the low

Electrode stability, interdiffusion, phase purity and deviation from stoichiometry at the PZT-electrode interface are key issues in PZT thin film integration. This article highlights the use of transmission electron imaging combined with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) for the investigation of these phenomena. The accuracy of the EDS analysis is discussed. It will be shown that using a standard PZT sample and controlled conditions, reliable analysis can be performed. Diffusion mechanisms have been stud

We have evaluated the structure of high-reflectivity InP/InGaAsP distributed Bragg reflectors grown by chemical-beam epitaxy at a growth rate of 3 mu m/h. Transmission electron microscopy combined with electron energy loss spectroscopy indicate lateral fluctuations in the GaInAsP alloy composition, clearly visible in the 490-510 degrees C growth temperature range, but less perceptible between 460 and 480 degrees C. In the higher temperature range, the modulation in composition shows a higher frequency along

The phase equilibria of the ternary Al-AlCo-AlNi system were investigated around the decagonal phase. Isopleths with 70, 71.5 and 72.5 at.% Al and with 10 and 13 at.% Ni are elaborated with the aid of differential thermoanalysis, magnetothermal analysis, optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. These are based on results of samples of more than 80 different compositions and on data from other isopleths.

A simple method has been developed for the prodn. of Au surfaces which are uniformly flat over large areas. Si wafers serve as substrates for the evapn. of thin Au layers. A glass slide glued onto the Au film allows successful sepn. of the Au layer from the Si oxide surface. The process leaves a flat Au surface suitable for chem. modification. The surfaces were characterized using scanning force microscopy. An av. roughness of 2.5 .ANG. over areas up to 1000 mm2 was found. Scanning force microscopy images o

Exploiting Enclosing Membranes and Contextual Cues for Mitochondria Segmentation

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Ether lipid remodeling during neuronal differentiation prevents ferroptosis

ER-driven Contact Sites in Autophagosome Biogenesis Sequence

A Comprehensive Analysis of Combined AFM/SEM Systems for In-Situ Nanoscale Characterizations and Multiparametric Correlative Microscopy

Cryo-EM Sample Preparation with Soft-Landing and Laser Flash Melting

Chiral Hierarchies at the Nanoscale Revealed by Three-Dimensional Scanning Electron Diffraction

Overcoming Preferred Orientation in Cryo-EM With Ultrasonic Excitation During Vitrification

Mass and Shape Selective Electrospray Ion Beam Deposition for Low-Energy Electron Holography Imaging of Individual Biomolecules

Using diffusion-relaxation MRI to estimate the inner radius of co-electrospun axon-mimicking fibres

Kinetic modeling of the yeast sphingolipid metabolism identifies prevalent mutant strains through integration of lipidomic data profiles

Integrated Nanoreactor Systems: Triggering the Release and Mixing of Compounds Inside Single Vesicles

Channeling effects in heavy-ion irradiated NiAl(100) single-crystals: a TEM assessment in cross-section geometry using weak-beam imaging

Sol-gel derived Pb(Sc0.5Nb0.5)O-3 thin films: Processing and dielctric properties

Structured Au/FeOx/C catalysts for low temperature CO oxidation

The order-disorder transformation and microstructure evolution in nickel-aluminium intermetallics after heavy-ion irradiation

Immunohistochemistry for the MEPHISTO X-PEEM

Microstructural evolution of dense and porous pyroelectric Pb1−xCaxTiO3 thin films

Stoichiometry and interdiffusion in PZT thin films studied by transmission electron microscopy

Evaluation of InP/InGaAsP distributed Bragg reflectors grown by chemical-beam epitaxy

Phase equilibria of the decagonal AlCoNi phase

Uniformly Flat Gold Surfaces: Imaging the Domain Structure of Organic Monolayers Using Scanning Force Microscopy