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Christian Enz

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Related publications (213)

A 49 mu W 6th-Order Chebyshev SSF-based Low-Pass Analog Filter for IEEE 802.11ax

Christian Enz, Daniel Mathias Bold, Alessandro Pezzotta, Salvatore Collura

In this paper a continuous-time low-pass analog filter based on the Cascoded Super Source Follower (C-SSF) architecture, implemented in a 28-nm bulk CMOS process, is presented. The target application is the transceiver analog baseband for the next-generati ...

IEEE2020

Inflection Phenomenon in Cryogenic MOSFET Behavior

Christian Enz, Farzan Jazaeri, Arnout Lodewijk M Beckers

This brief reports the analytical modeling and measurements of the inflection in the MOSFET transfer characteristics at cryogenic temperatures. Inflection is the inward bending of the drain current versus gate voltage, which reduces the current in weak and ...

2020

Ionizing-Radiation Response and Low-Frequency Noise of 28-nm MOSFETs at Ultrahigh Doses

Christian Enz

Total ionizing dose (TID) mechanisms are investigated in 28-nm MOSFETs via dc static and low-frequency noise measurements. nMOSFETs and pMOSFETs are irradiated up to 1 Grad(SiO2) and annealed at high temperatures. TID sensitivity depends on the channel len ...

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC2020

Time-of-flight device and 3d optical detector

Christian Enz, Assim Boukhayma, Antonino Caizzone

A Time-of-flight optical device and a 3D optical detector comprising a CMOS integrated circuit with an array of photosensitive pixels that are, at least in part, interconnected to form macro-pixels (180). Each macro-pixel (180) groups a plurality of indivi ...

2020

Microfluidics by Additive Manufacturing for Wearable Biosensors: A Review

Christian Enz, Sandro Carrara, Mahshid Alsadat Padash

Wearable devices are nowadays at the edge-front in both academic research as well as in industry, and several wearable devices have been already introduced in the market. One of the most recent advancements in wearable technologies for biosensing is in the ...

2020

Experimental Verification of the Impact of Analog CMS on CIS Readout Noise

Christian Enz, Assim Boukhayma, Raffaele Capoccia

In this article, the impact of the combination of the column-level gain and the correlated multiple sampling (CMS) on the noise of CMOS image sensor (CIS) readout chains is first analyzed. The theory is then validated experimentally with CIS readout chains ...

2020

A CMOS Image Sensor Pixel Combining Deep Sub-Electron Noise With Wide Dynamic Range

Christian Enz, Assim Boukhayma, Antonino Caizzone

This letter introduces a 5-transistors (5T) implementation of CMOS Image Sensors (CIS) pixels enabling the combination of deep sub-electronnoise performance with wide dynamic range (DR). The 5T pixel presents a new technique to reduce the sense node capaci ...

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers2020

Cryo-CMOS Compact Modeling

Christian Enz, Farzan Jazaeri, Arnout Lodewijk M Beckers

This paper highlights some of the challenges faced for the modeling of MOSFET devices for operation at cryogenic temperature (CT). A special focus is given on the modeling of the threshold voltage V-T and the subthreshold swing SS. The significant increase ...

IEEE2020

Ultra-Low-Power Intelligent Acoustic Sensing using Cochlea-Inspired Feature Extraction and DNN Classification

Christian Enz, Minhao Yang

We present our recent progress in ultra-low-power intelligent acoustic sensing that harnesses the high power and energy efficiency of cochlea-like analog feature extraction and binarized neural network classification. Compared with conventional methods inc ...

IEEE2019

Negative Capacitance as Universal Digital and Analog Performance Booster for Complementary MOS Transistors

Christian Enz, Igor Stolichnov, Mihai Adrian Ionescu, Farzan Jazaeri, Ali Saeidi

Boltzmann electron energy distribution poses a fundamental limit to lowering the energy dissipation of conventional MOS devices, a minimum increase of the gate voltage, i.e. 60 mV, is required for a 10-fold increase in drain-to-source current at 300 K. Neg ...

Nature Research2019

A 2.6 μW Monolithic CMOS Photoplethysmographic (PPG) Sensor Operating With 2 μW LED Power for Continuous Health Monitoring

Christian Enz, Assim Boukhayma, Antonino Caizzone

2019

Survey of Precision-Scalable Multiply-Accumulate Units for Neural-Network Processing

Christian Enz, Vincent Frédéric Camus

The current trend for deep learning has come with an enormous computational need for billions of Multiply-Accumulate (MAC) operations per inference. Fortunately, reduced precision has demonstrated large benefits with low impact on accuracy, paving the way ...

IEEE2019

AC/DC Ratio Enhancement in Photoplethysmography Using a Pinned Photodiode

Christian Enz, Assim Boukhayma, Antonino Caizzone

Photoplethysmography (PPG) enables non-invasive vitals monitoring. Nevertheless, it is intrinsically limited by the extremely small AC/DC ratio, also called perfusion-index (PI). This increases the dynamic-range requirements to reliably process the PPG wav ...

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers2019

A 2.6μW Monolithic CMOS Photoplethysmographic Sensor Operating with 2μW LED Power

Christian Enz, Assim Boukhayma, Antonino Caizzone

IEEE2019

Compact Modeling of Charge Transfer in Pinned Photodiodes for CMOS Image Sensors

Christian Enz, Farzan Jazaeri, Assim Boukhayma, Raffaele Capoccia

In this paper, we propose a physics-based compact model of the pinned photodiode (PPD) combined with the transfer gate. A set of analytical expressions is derived for the 2-D electrostatic profile, the PPD capacitance, and the charge transfer current. The ...

2019

Influence of Halo Implantations on the Total Ionizing Dose Response of 28-nm pMOSFETs Irradiated to Ultrahigh Doses

Christian Enz

In this paper, the total ionizing dose (TID) response of a commercial 28-nm high-k CMOS technology at ultrahigh doses is measured and discussed. The degradation of pMOSFETs depends not only on the channel width but also on the channel length. Short-channel ...

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC2019

An Ultra-Low Power PPG and mm-Resolution ToF PPD-Based CMOS Chip Towards All-in-One Photonic Sensors

Christian Enz, Assim Boukhayma, Antonino Caizzone

This paper presents a CMOS photonic sensor covering multiple applications from ambient light sensing to time resolved photonic sensing. The sensor is made of an array of gated pinned photodiodes (PPDs) averaged using binning and passive switched-capacitor ...

2019

A kTC Noise Analysis in a Passive Switched-Capacitor CMS Circuit for CIS

Christian Enz, Assim Boukhayma, Raffaele Capoccia

ICLAB2019

FOSS EKV2.6 Verilog-A Compact MOSFET Model

Matthias Bucher, Christian Enz, François Krummenacher, Christophe Lallement, Jean-Michel Sallese, Eric Vittoz, Wladyslaw Grabinski

The EKV2.6 MOSFET compact model has had a considerable impact on the academic and industrial community of analog integrated circuit design, since its inception in 1996. The model is available as a free open-source software (FOSS) tool coded in Verilog-A. T ...

IEEE2019

Health monitoring device

Christian Enz, Assim Boukhayma, Antonino Caizzone

The invention relates to a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensing device comprising - a pulsed light source, - at least one pixel to create photo-generated electrons, synchronized with said pulsed light source. It is mainly characterized in that each pixel com ...

2019

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