Lessons on brain edema in HE: from cellular to animal models and clinical studies

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BACKGROUND: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is essential for diagnosing ischemic stroke and identifying targets for emergency revascularization. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps derived from diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imag ...

Background & Aims: Current therapies for the treatment of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) have proven largely ineffective. Patients relapse and the disease progresses even after liver transplantation. Altered epigenetic mechanisms are characteristic of ...

In this issue of Cell, Nie and co-authors report that the microbe-derived bile acid (BA) 3-succinylated cholic acid protects against the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease. Intriguingly, its protective mechanism does not involve ...

Background Excessive inflammation, hemolysis, and accumulation of labile heme play an essential role in the pathophysiology of multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in sepsis. Alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT), an acute phase protein with heme binding capacity, i ...

Whereas pulse-echo ultrasound imaging relied on focused acoustic waves since its inception, the last two decades have seen the development of techniques based on unfocused waves, including ultrafast ultrasound imaging. In large part due to the emergence of ...

Objective. Selective neuromodulation of deep brain regions has for a long time only been possible through invasive approaches, because of the steep depth-focality trade-off of conventional non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques. Approach. An appr ...

Obesity represents a significant public health concern and is linked to various comorbidities and cognitive impairments. Previous research indicates that elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with structural changes in white matter (WM). However, a ...

Neuroprostheses have been used clinically for decades, to help restore or preserve brain functions, when pharmaceutical treatments are inefficient. Although great progress in the field has been made over the years to interface with the nervous system, surf ...

Recent research shows prominent effects of pregnancy and the parenthood transition on structural brain characteristics in humans. Here, we present a comprehensive study of how parental status and number of children born/fathered links to markers of brain a ...

Type C hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a severe neuropsychiatric complication of chronic liver disease, for which the prognosis is poor in the absence of liver transplantation. Cirrhosis in type C HE leads to a toxic accumulation of ammonia in the blood, wh ...

The natural compound Cyclo Histidine-Proline (CHP) was initially discovered in the brain, but thereafter evaluated in the context of diabetes because of its hypoglycemic action. The pharmacokinetics and the toxicological profile of CHP showed it can be dos ...

Background: There is increasing evidence that children or young adults having acquired liver disease in childhood display neurocognitive impairment which may become more apparent as they grow older. The molecular, cellular and morphological underpinnings o ...

Hepatocytes are the main workers in the hepatic factory, managing metabolism of nutrients and xenobiotics, production and recycling of proteins, and glucose and lipid homeostasis. Division of labor between hepatocytes is critical to coordinate complex comp ...

1H MRS in the cerebellum was used to study the effect of 2-octynohydroxamic acid (2-octynoHA) treatment on the brain of bile duct ligated (BDL) rats (type C hepatic encephalopathy). The study included four groups of rats: negative control group (rats recei ...

BSEP (ABCB11) is an ATP-binding cassette transporter that is expressed in hepatocytes and extrudes bile salts into the canaliculi of the liver. BSEP dysfunction, caused by mutations or induced by drugs, is frequently associated with severe cholestatic live ...

The drive to develop cartilage implants for the treatment of major defects in the musculoskeletal sys-tem has resulted in a major research thrust towards developing biomaterial devices for cartilage repair. Investigational devices for the restoration of ar ...

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent and highly malignant form of brain cancer. New therapeutic regimens are urgently needed as GBM patients present with a minimal response to currently-approved therapies. The goal of this project is to identify new the ...

Background: A neurocognitive phenotype of post-COVID-19 infection has recently been described that is characterized by a lack of awareness of memory impairment (i.e., anosognosia), altered functional connectivity in the brain's default mode and limbic netw ...

To build biophysically detailed models of brain cells, circuits, and regions, a data-driven approach is increasingly being adopted. This helps to obtain a simulated activity that reproduces the experimentally recorded neural dynamics as faithfully as possi ...

The brain is an ultra-soft viscoelastic matrix. Sub-kPa hydrogels match the brain's mechanical properties but are challenging to manipulate in an implantable format. We propose a simple fabrication and processing sequence, consisting of de-hydration, patte ...

Lessons on brain edema in HE: from cellular to animal models and clinical studies

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Diffusion Imaging Protocol Heterogeneity Biases Ischemic Core Volume, Location, and Clinical Associations in Acute Stroke

Anti-miR-873-5p improves alcohol-related liver disease by enhancing hepatic deacetylation via SIRT1

A microbial-derived succinylated bile acid to safeguard liver health

Alpha1-antitrypsin improves survival in murine abdominal sepsis model by decreasing inflammation and sequestration of free heme

Inverse Problems in Pulse-Echo Ultrasound: Exploiting Coherence for Image Enhancement and Quantitative Imaging

Safety, tolerability and blinding efficiency of non-invasive deep transcranial temporal interference stimulation: first experience from more than 250 sessions

White adipose tissue distribution and amount are associated with increased white matter connectivity

Unraveling behavior and cortical signals to guide the development of soft neuroprostheses for auditory restoration and spreading depolarization

Parental status and markers of brain and cellular age: A 3D convolutional network and classification study

New insights into rodent brain microstructure and metabolism in hepatic encephalopathy

Characterization of Cyclo His-Pro for the prevention and treatment of liver disease and muscular dystrophy

High field brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and volumetry in children with chronic, compensated liver disease-A pilot study

Spatiotemporal Metabolic Liver Zonation and Consequences on Pathophysiology

Neurometabolic profiles of bile duct ligated rats after the treatment with an urease inhibitor – 1H MRS dataset

Structural basis of bile salt extrusion and small-molecule inhibition in human BSEP

A guide to preclinical evaluation of hydrogel-based devices for treatment of cartilage lesions

Elucidating and modulating regulatory pathways so as to reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment for therapeutic benefit

Acute TNF alpha levels predict cognitive impairment 6-9 months after COVID-19 infection

Online interoperable resources for building hippocampal neuron models via the Hippocampus Hub

Revealing the complexity of ultra-soft hydrogel re-swelling inside the brain