Publications by Claudio Bruschini

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Harnessing quantum randomness for the generation of random numbers is an important concept crucial for information security and many other computer-related applications. Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) are evolving from bulky, slow, and expensive ...

The DC performance of both n- and pMOSFETs fabricated in a commercial-grade 28 nm bulk CMOS process has been studied up to 1 Grad of total ionizing dose and at post-irradiation annealing. The aim is to assess the potential use of such an advanced CMOS tech ...

LinoSPAD is a reconfigurable camera sensor with a 256x 1 CMOS SPAD (single-photon avalanche diode) pixel array connected to a low cost Xilinx Spartan 6 FPGA. The LinoSPAD sensor's line of pixels has a pitch of 24 pm and 40% fill factor. The FPGA implements ...

A number of high energy physics and cosmology experiments use or plan to use single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) or SPAD based silicon photomultipliers in harsh conditions, such as cryogenic temperatures and/or high radiation environments. In this contribution, studies of the operation of SPADs, front-end electronics, and micro-lens arrays at temperatures down to liquid nitrogen will be presented. SPADs designed by EPFL AQUA Lab in 180 nm, 110 nm and 55 nm CMOS technology were tested at different tempera

Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLI) is increasingly recognized as a powerful tool for biochemical and cellular investigations, including in vivo applications. Fluorescence lifetime is an intrinsic characteristic of any fluorescent dye which, to a large ext ...

Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays can be used for single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) because of their high frame rate and lack of readout noise. SPAD arrays have a binary frame output, which means photon arrivals should be described a ...

Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLI) is a powerful tool for investigating molecular processes, microenvironmental parameters, and molecular interactions across tissue to (sub-)cellular levels. Despite its established value in numerous biomedical applications, conventional FLI techniques are hindered by long acquisition times. This limitation restricts their use in real-time scenarios, such as monitoring fast biological processes, studying live organisms, and in environments that require rapid imaging and imm

Quantum ghost imaging can be an important tool in making optical measurements. One of the most useful aspects of ghost imaging is the unique ability to correlate two sets of independently collected information. We aim to use the principles of ghost imaging ...

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) running at CERN will soon be upgraded to increase its luminosity giving rise to radiations reaching the level of GigaRad Total Ionizing Dose (TID). This paper investigates the impact of such high radiation on transistors fab ...

Continuous monitoring of cerebral blood flow (CBF) with high spatiotemporal resolution and depth sensitivity is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective management of neurological disorders. Although conventional laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) enables widefield, high-resolution CBF mapping, its limited penetration depth and signal integration across all tissue layers hinder depth-resolved imaging. To address these limitations, we developed an advanced time-resolved LSCI (TR-LSCI) system that em

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a powerful tool to discriminate fluorescent molecules or probe their nanoscale environment. Traditionally, FLIM uses time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC), which is precise but intrinsically low-t ...

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) data acquisition using time-gated single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) cameras with megapixel sizes involves the sequential acquisition of data at a number G of different gate locations to sample the whole fluorescence decay. This requirement of multiple, high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gate images acquisition, which may take several hundred of ms or longer, limits the achievable FLIM frame-rate, but also make them susceptible to artefacts when the signal's i

Good timing resolution in time-of-flight positron emission tomography (ToF-PET) scanners is a much researched way to effectively increase sensitivity. Recently, Cherenkov radiation in bismuth germanate (BGO) has been considered as an option for fast timing and high sensitivity, since Cherenkov radiation is prompt and BGO offers a high stopping power. However, digitizing BGO’s Cherenkov radiation and benefiting from its timing is challenging due to low abundance of Cherenkov photons, its mixture with scintil

In this article, we present 10 mu m diameter SPADs fabricated in 110 nm CIS technology based on an N (+) /HVPW junction, with enhanced sensitivity at short wavelengths. To reduce tunneling noise due to the highly-doped layers in the process, a doping compe ...

Neutrino detectors, particle calorimeters and some dark matter detectors require dense and massive active materials. An extremely fine segmentation is desirable to achieve precise three-dimensional particle tracking. However, such systems introduce significant challenges in construction and demand a large number of readout electronics channels, leading to extremely high costs. In this article, we propose an alternative approach to elementary particle detection that enables ultrafast three-dimensional high-r

Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS) allows the optical and label-free investigation of microvascular dynamics. Commonly, DCS is implemented with highly sensitive and ultra fast single-photon avalanche diodes (SPAD) for blood flow measurements from aroun ...

Fluorescence surgical navigation helps surgeons to see molecular information about tissue near the surface and distinguish malignancies from healthy tissue. It is possible to label tumors with specific fluorescent molecules, but not to easily see into tiss ...

Reprogrammable integrated optics provides a natural platform for tunable quantum photonic circuits, but faces challenges when high dimensions and high connectivity are involved. Here, we implement high-dimensional linear transformations on spatial modes of ...

The Piccolo gated sensor features a 32x32 SPAD array of single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) operating in time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC). The chip enables event-driven readout and a maximum count rate of 220 Mcps. The sensor is based on t ...

Purely digital or hybrid analog digital silicon photomultipliers, based on CMOS SPAD photodetectors, have been developed for a range of high-energy and nuclear physics applications, including at EPFL's AQUA Lab in collaboration with external partners. The requirements can widely differ, such as high timing precision and detection at low event rates for time-of-flight PET (DIGILOG project), very high data rates, spatial granularity, and low light level operation in ring imaging Cherenkov counters (RICH) at c

Claudio Bruschini

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Random flip-flop: adding quantum randomness to digital circuits for improved cyber security, artificial intelligence and more

GigaRad total ionizing dose and post-irradiation effects on 28 nm bulk MOSFETs

LinoSPAD: a time-resolved 256x1 CMOS SPAD line sensor system featuring 64 FPGA-based TDC channels running at up to 8.5 giga-events per second

SiPM and CMOS SPAD characterization at liquid nitrogen temperatures

Single-Photon, Time-Gated, Phasor-Based Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging through Highly Scattering Medium

Theoretical minimum uncertainty of single-molecule localizations using a single-photon avalanche diode array

Real-time wide-field fluorescence lifetime imaging via single-snapshot acquisition for biomedical applications

Ghost imaging using two SPAD array detectors: a parameter study towards the realization of a 3D quantum microscope

Impact of GigaRad Ionizing Dose on 28 nm bulk MOSFETs for future HL-LHC

Using the Latent Diffusion Model to Enhance Time-resolved Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging (tr-lsci) of Cerebral Blood Flow

Wide-field fluorescence lifetime imaging of single molecules with a gated single-photon camera

Interleaved gate acquisition: a low-frequency noise-immune approach to wide field FLIM with time-gated SPAD cameras

Exploring μSiPMs with BGO for Cherenkov time-of-flight in PET

A 73% Peak PDP Single-Photon Avalanche Diode Implemented in 110 nm CIS Technology With Doping Compensation

An ultrafast plenoptic-camera system for high-resolution 3D particle tracking in unsegmented scintillators

Towards Surface-Correction of Deep-Tissue Blood Flow Dynamics with Massively Parallelized Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy

SPAD imagers in fluorescence-guided surgical navigation

Large reconfigurable quantum circuits with SPAD arrays and multimode fibers

Piccolo gated: a CMOS 32×32 SPAD camera with all-solid-state nanosecond time gating and PCIe readout for single-photon time-domain DCS and near-infrared optical tomography

Digital and Hybrid Silicon Photomultipliers for High-Energy and Nuclear Physics Detectors