Publications de James Badro | EPFL Graph Search

Publications associées (21)

Silicon isotopes in angrites and volatile loss in planetesimals

Inner solar system bodies, including the Earth, Moon, and asteroids, are depleted in volatile elements relative to chondrites. Hypotheses for this volatile element depletion include condensation from the solar nebula and volatile loss during energetic impa ...

National Academy of Sciences2014

Investigating Earth's Formation History Through Copper and Sulfur Metal-Silicate Partitioning During Core-Mantle Differentiation

James Badro

Identifying extant materials that act as compositional proxies for Earth is key to understanding its accretion. Copper and sulfur are both moderately volatile elements; however, they display different geochemical behavior (e.g., phase affinities). Thus, in ...

AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION2018

Fe-Ni ideality during core formation on Earth

James Badro

Earth's core is essentially composed of a light-element bearing iron-nickel alloy (Birch 1964). The nickel content in the core has negligible effects on physical properties such as density and compressibility (e.g., Lin et al. 2003; Kantor et al. 2007; Mar ...

MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER2018

Composition of the core from gallium metal-silicate partitioning experiments

James Badro

Gallium concentration (normalized to CI chondrites) in the mantle is at the same level as that of lithophile elements with similar volatility, implying that there must be little to no gallium in Earth's core. Metal-silicate partitioning experiments, howeve ...

Elsevier2015

Partitioning of Si and platinum group elements between liquid and solid Fe-Si alloys

James Badro

Crystallization of the Earth's inner core fractionates major and minor elements between the solid and liquid metal, leaving physical and geochemical imprints on the Earth's core. For example, the density jump observed at the Inner Core Boundary (ICB) is re ...

Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd2014

Blocked radiative heat transport in the hot pyrolitic lower mantle

James Badro, Farhang Nabiei, Hélène Marie Piet

The heat flux across the core-mantle boundary (Q(CMB)) is the key parameter to understand the Earth's thermal history and evolution. Mineralogical constraints of the Q(CMB) require deciphering contributions of the lattice and radiative components to the th ...

ELSEVIER2020

Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Investigation of Molten Fe-Si-O in Earth's Core

James Badro

Silicon and oxygen are potential light elements in Earth's core because their stronger affinity to metal observed with increasing temperature posits that significant amounts of both can be incorporated into the core. It was proposed that an Fe-Si-O liquid ...

AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION2019

Non-negative matrix factorization-aided phase unmixing and trace element quantification of STEM-EDXS data

Cécile Hébert, Duncan Thomas Lindsay Alexander, James Badro, Farhang Nabiei, Hui Chen

Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) mapping with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) is commonly used for chemical characterization of materials. However, STEM-EDXS quantification becomes challenging when the phases constituting the ...

Elsevier2024

Reply to Comment by Jennings et al. on "Investigating Earth's Formation History Through Copper and Sulfur Metal-Silicate Partitioning During Core-Mantle Differentiation"

James Badro

Recognizing existing materials that can act as proxies for Earth's building blocks, and understanding the accretionary pathway taken during Earth's growth, persist as outstanding issues in need of resolution. In Mahan, Siebert, Blanchard, Badro, et al. (20 ...

AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION2019

High Sodium Solubility in Magnesiowüstite in Iron-Rich Deep Lower Mantle

Marco Cantoni, James Badro, Farhang Nabiei

(Mg,Fe)O ferropericlase-magnesiow & uuml;stite has been proposed to host the majority of Earth's sodium, but the mechanism and capacity for incorporating the alkali cation remain unclear. In this work, experiments in the laser-heated diamond anvil cell and ...

Amer Geophysical Union2024

Copper isotope evidence for large-scale sulphide fractionation during Earth’s differentiation

James Badro

The differentiation of Earth into a metallic core and silicate mantle left its signature on the chemical and isotopic composition of the bulk silicate Earth (BSE). This is seen in the depletion of siderophile (metal-loving) relative to lithophile (rock-lov ...

2015

Investigating Magma Ocean Solidification on Earth Through Laser‐Heated Diamond Anvil Cell Experiments

Cécile Hébert, Marco Cantoni, Philippe Gillet, James Badro, Farhang Nabiei, Charles-Edouard Boukaré

We carried out a series of silicate fractional crystallization experiments at lower mantle pressures using the laser-heated diamond anvil cell. Phase relations and the compositional evolution of the cotectic melt and equilibrium solids along the liquid lin ...

2021

Composition of the low seismic velocity E ′ layer at the top of Earth's core

James Badro

Using ab initio simulations on Fe-Ni-S-C-O-Si liquids, we constrain the origin and composition of the low-velocity layer E′ at the top of Earth's outer core. We find that increasing the concentration of any light element always increases velocity and so a ...

2017

Composition and Pressure Effects on Partitioning of Ferrous Iron in Iron-Rich Lower Mantle Heterogeneities

Marco Cantoni, Philippe Gillet, James Badro, Farhang Nabiei, Susannah McGregor Dorfman, Charles-Edouard Boukaré

Both seismic observations of dense low shear velocity regions and models of magma ocean crystallization and mantle dynamics support enrichment of iron in Earth’s lowermost mantle. Physical properties of iron-rich lower mantle heterogeneities in the modern ...

2021

A large planetary body inferred from diamond inclusions in a ureilite meteorite

Cécile Hébert, Emad Oveisi, Marco Cantoni, Philippe Gillet, James Badro, Farhang Nabiei, Teresa Katharina Dennenwaldt

Planetary formation models show that terrestrial planets are formed by the accretion of tens of Moon-to Mars-sized planetary embryos through energetic giant impacts. However, relics of these large proto-planets are yet to be found. Ureilites are one of the ...

Nature Research2018

A seismologically consistent compositional model of Earth's core

James Badro

Earth's core is less dense than iron, and therefore it must contain "light elements," such as S, Si, O, or C. We use ab initio molecular dynamics to calculate the density and bulk sound velocity in liquid metal alloys at the pressure and temperature condit ...

National Academy of Sciences2014

Magnesium Partitioning Between Earth's Mantle and Core and its Potential to Drive an Early Exsolution Geodynamo

James Badro

Magnesium partitioning between metal and silicate was experimentally investigated between 34 and 138GPa, 3,500 and 5,450K using laser-heated diamond anvil cells. The 22 measurements are combined with previously published data (total of 49 measurements) to ...

AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION2018

Composition dependence of spin transition in (Mg,Fe)SiO3 bridgmanite

Philippe Gillet, James Badro, Susannah McGregor Dorfman

Spin transitions in (Mg,Fe)SiO3 bridgmanite have important implications for the chemistry and dynamics of Earth's lower mantle, but have been complex to characterize in experiments. We examine the spin state of Fe in highly Fe-enriched bridgmanite synthesi ...

Mineralogical Society of America2015

Spin and valence dependence of iron partitioning in Earth's deep mantle

Philippe Gillet, Cécile Hébert, Marco Cantoni, James Badro, Farhang Nabiei, Hélène Marie Piet, Teresa Katharina Dennenwaldt

We performed laser-heated diamond anvil cell experiments combined with state-of-the-art electron microanalysis (focused ion beam and aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy) to study the distribution and valence of iron in Earth's lower mantl ...

National Academy of Sciences2016

A New Reference for the Thermal Equation of State of Iron

James Badro

The high-pressure, high-temperature behavior of iron was investigated to 140 GPa and 3500 K with in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Iron samples were compressed in diamond-anvil cells and heated up with the double-sided laser-heating system installed a ...

MDPI2020