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Henry Markram

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Publications associées (167)

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Neuroscience thinks big (and collaboratively)

Henry Markram

Despite cash-strapped times for research, several ambitious collaborative neuroscience projects have attracted large amounts of funding and media attention. In Europe, the Human Brain Project aims to develop a large-scale computer simulation of the brain, ...

2013

Morphology, physiology and synaptic connectivity of local interneurons in the mouse somatosensory thalamus

Henry Markram

The thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) neurons, projecting across the external medullary lamina, have long been considered to be the only significant source of inhibition of the somatosensory ventral posterior (VP) nuclei of the thalamus. Here we report for ...

WILEY2021

A Derived Positional Mapping of Inhibitory Subtypes in the Somatosensory Cortex

Henry Markram, Felix Schürmann, Daniel Keller, Olivier Burri, Romain Guiet, Julie Meystre

Obtaining a catalog of cell types is a fundamental building block for understanding the brain. The ideal classification of cell-types is based on the profile of molecules expressed by a cell, in particular, the profile of genes expressed. One strategy is, ...

2019

Synaptic and cellular organization of layer 1 of the developing rat somatosensory cortex

Henry Markram, Shruti Muralidhar

Layer 1 of the neocortex is sparsely populated with neurons and heavily innervated by fibers from lower layers and proximal and distal brain regions. Understanding the potential functions of this layer requires a comprehensive understanding of its cellular ...

Frontiers Research Foundation2014

Morphological Diversity Strongly Constrains Synaptic Connectivity and Plasticity

Henry Markram, Eilif Benjamin Muller, Srikanth Ramaswamy, Michael Reimann

Synaptic connectivity between neurons is naturally constrained by the anatomical overlap of neuronal arbors, the space on the axon available for synapses, and by physiological mechanisms that form synapses at a subset of potential synapse locations. What i ...

Oxford University Press (OUP)2017

The physiological variability of channel density in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells and interneurons explored using a unified data-driven modeling workflow

Stefano Maximiliano Antonel, Henry Markram, Felix Schürmann, Eilif Benjamin Muller, Werner Alfons Hilda Van Geit, Ying Shi, Jean-Denis Georges Emile Courcol, Armando Romani, Christian Andreas Rössert, Maurizio Ferdinando Pezzoli, Olivier Richard Hagens

Every neuron is part of a network, exerting its function by transforming multiple spatiotemporal synaptic input patterns into a single spiking output. This function is specified by the particular shape and passive electrical properties of the neuronal memb ...

2018

A Biophysically Detailed Model of Neocortical Local Field Potentials Predicts the Critical Role of Active Membrane Currents

Henry Markram, Sean Lewis Hill, Michael Reimann, Rodrigo de Campos Perin

Brain activity generates extracellular voltage fluctuations recorded as local field potentials (LFPs). It is known that the relevant microvariables, the ionic currents across membranes, jointly generate the macrovariables, the extracellular voltage, but ne ...

Elsevier2013

Short-term ionic plasticity at GABAergic synapses

Henry Markram

Fast synaptic inhibition in the brain is mediated by the pre-synaptic release of the neurotransmitter γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)and the post-synaptic activation of GABA-sensitive ionotropic receptors. As with excitatory synapses, it is being increasinly ap ...

2012

An algorithm to predict the connectome of neural microcircuits

Henry Markram, Eilif Benjamin Muller, Srikanth Ramaswamy, Michael Reimann, James Gonzalo King

Experimentally mapping synaptic connections, in terms of the numbers and locations of their synapses and estimating connection probabilities, is still not a tractable task, even for small volumes of tissue. In fact, the six layers of the neocortex contain ...

Frontiers Research Foundation2015

Seven challenges for neuroscience

Henry Markram

Although twenty-first century neuroscience is a major scientific enterprise, advances in basic research have not yet translated into benefits for society. In this paper, I outline seven fundamental challenges that need to be overcome. First, neuroscience h ...

2013

Reconstruction and Simulation of Neocortical Microcircuitry

Anastasia Ailamaki, Henry Markram, Felix Schürmann, Eilif Benjamin Muller, Sean Lewis Hill, Idan Segev, Srikanth Ramaswamy, Michael Reimann, Daniel Keller, Thomas Heinis, Werner Alfons Hilda Van Geit, Rodrigo de Campos Perin, Marwan Muhammad Ahmed Abdellah, James Gonzalo King, Lida Kanari, Farhan Tauheed, Julian Charles Shillcock, Pramod Shivaji Kumbhar, Gilad Silberberg, Ying Shi, Vincent Delattre, Jean-Denis Georges Emile Courcol, Rajnish Ranjan, Juan Bautista Hernando Vieites, Stefan Eilemann, Michael Emiel Gevaert, Giuseppe Chindemi, Jean-Vincent Le Bé, Julie Meystre, Taylor Howard Newton, Max Christian Nolte, Nicolas Antille, Georges Khazen, Sébastien Lasserre, Jean Pierre Ghobril, Jeffrey Christopher Muller, Aleksandr Ovcharenko, Shruti Muralidhar, Ahmet Bilgili, Daniel Nachbaur

We present a first-draft digital reconstruction of the microcircuitry of somatosensory cortex of juvenile rat. The reconstruction uses cellular and synaptic organizing principles to algorithmically reconstruct detailed anatomy and physiology from sparse ex ...

Elsevier2015

Ultraliser: a framework for creating multiscale, high-fidelity and geometrically realistic 3D models for in silico neuroscience

Pierre Magistretti, Henry Markram, Felix Schürmann, Daniel Keller, Marwan Muhammad Ahmed Abdellah, Jay Coggan, Nadir Roman Guerrero, Alessandro Enrico Foni, Eleftherios Zisis, Juan José García Cantero

Ultraliser is a neuroscience-specific software framework capable of creating accurate and biologically realistic 3D models of complex neuroscientific structures at intracellular (e.g. mitochondria and endoplasmic reticula), cellular (e.g. neurons and glia) ...

2023

Experimentally-constrained biophysical models of tonic and burst firing modes in thalamocortical neurons

Henry Markram, Sean Lewis Hill, Werner Alfons Hilda Van Geit, Ying Shi, Christian O'Reilly, Christian Andreas Rössert, Elisabetta Iavarone, Bas-Jan Zandt, Jane Yi

Somatosensory thalamocortical (TC) neurons from the ventrobasal (VB) thalamus are central components in the flow of sensory information between the periphery and the cerebral cortex, and participate in the dynamic regulation of thalamocortical states inclu ...

2019

A Cell Atlas for the Mouse Brain

Henry Markram, Daniel Keller, Marc-Oliver Gewaltig

Despite vast numbers of studies of stained cells in the mouse brain, no current brain atlas provides region-by-region neuron counts. In fact, neuron numbers are only available for about 4% of brain of regions and estimates often vary by as much as 3-fold. ...

2018

Brief Bursts Self-Inhibit and Correlate the Pyramidal Network

Henry Markram, Rodrigo de Campos Perin, Gilad Silberberg

Inhibitory pathways are an essential component in the function of the neocortical microcircuitry. Despite the relatively small fraction of inhibitory neurons in the neocortex, these neurons are strongly activated due to their high connectivity rate and the ...

Public Library of Science2010

Predictable enriched environment prevents development of hyper-emotionality in the VPA rat model of autism

Deborah La Mendola, Melissa Cochrane, Henry Markram, Julie Meystre, Kamila Markram, Mônica Regina Favre

Understanding the effects of environmental stimulation in autism can improve therapeutic interventions against debilitating sensory overload, social withdrawal, fear and anxiety. Here, we evaluate the role of environmental predictability on behavior and pr ...

Frontiers Research Foundation2015

Timed Synaptic Inhibition Shapes NMDA Spikes, Influencing Local Dendritic Processing and Global I/O Properties of Cortical Neurons

Henry Markram, Eilif Benjamin Muller, Idan Segev, Giuseppe Chindemi

The NMDA spike is a long-lasting nonlinear phenomenon initiated locally in the dendritic branches of a variety of cortical neurons. It plays a key role in synaptic plasticity and in single-neuron computations. Combining dynamic system theory and computatio ...

2017

An Exclusion Zone for Ca2+ Channels around Docked Vesicles Explains Release Control by Multiple Channels at a CNS Synapse

Henry Markram, Felix Schürmann, Ralf Schneggenburger, Daniel Keller, Olexiy Kochubey, Yunyun Han

The spatial arrangement of Ca2+ channels and vesicles remains unknown for most CNS synapses, despite of the crucial importance of this geometrical parameter for the Ca2+ control of transmitter release. At a large model synapse, the calyx of Held, transmitt ...

Public Library Science2015

Spontaneous and evoked synaptic rewiring in the neonatal neocortex

Henry Markram, Jean-Vincent Le Bé

The local microcircuitry of the neocortex is structurally a tabula rasa, with the axon of each pyramidal neuron having numerous submicrometer appositions with the dendrites of all neighboring pyramidal neurons, but is functionally highly selective, with sy ...

National Academy of Sciences2006

The human brain project

Henry Markram

2012