Encapsulated GDNF-producing C2C12 cells for Parkinson's disease: a pre-clinical study in chronic MPTP-treated baboons

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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia lack effective treatments. Anomalies in the reward system and cerebellum have been linked to these symptoms. The cerebellum modulates reward circuitry via the ventral tegmental area (VTA). The "cognitive dysmetria theory" ...

BACKGROUND: Opioid use disorder remains a critical health care challenge because current therapeutic strategies have limitations that result in high recurrence and deaths. We evaluated the safety and feasibility of focused ultrasound (FUS) neuromodulation ...

With the advances in clean technologies, the role of fuel cells and batteries is becoming increasingly vital. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are known to be the best candidates for low-temperature and portable operations, such as hydrogen cars. The ef ...

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a brain hub regulating motivated behaviors, including social competitiveness. Mitochondrial function in the NAc links anxiety with social competitiveness, and the mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) in NAc neurons ...

In recent years, the emphasis on computational thinking (CT) has intensified as an effect of accelerated digitalisation. While most researchers are concentrating on defining CT and developing tools for its instruction and assessment, we focus on the charac ...

Rationale and objectives: To prospectively evaluate feasibility and robustness of an accelerated T2 mapping sequence (GRAPPATINI) in brain imaging and to assess its synthetic T2-weighted images (sT2w) in comparison with a standard T2-weighted sequence (T2 ...

Background: A neurocognitive phenotype of post-COVID-19 infection has recently been described that is characterized by a lack of awareness of memory impairment (i.e., anosognosia), altered functional connectivity in the brain's default mode and limbic netw ...

Treatment-resistant depression is a severe form of major depressive disorder and deep brain stimulation is currently an investigational treatment. The stimulation's therapeutic effect may be explained through the functional and structural connectivities be ...

Aversively-motivated associative learning allows animals to avoid harm and thus ensures survival. Aversive learning can be studied by the fear learning paradigm, in which an innocuous sensory stimulus like a tone (conditioned stimulus, CS), acquires a nega ...

Dopamine synapses play a crucial role in volitional movement and reward-related behaviors, while dysfunction of dopamine synapses causes various psychiatric and neurological disorders. Despite this significance, the true biological nature of dopamine synap ...

The premotor (PM) and primary motor (M1) cortical areas broadcast voluntary motor commands through multiple neuronal pathways, including the corticorubral projection that reaches the red nucleus (RN). However, the respective contribution of M1 and PM to co ...

The stimulation of deep brain structures has thus far only been possible with invasive methods. Transcranial electrical temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) is a novel, noninvasive technology that might overcome this limitation. The initial proof-of-co ...

Background: Small-vessel disease (SVD) plays a crucial role in cardiac and brain ischemia, but little is known about potential interrelation between both. We retrospectively evaluated 370 patients, aiming at assessing the interrelation between cardiac and ...

Optimal pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are essential to achieve the desired pharmacological benefits in patients. To accomplish this, we followed an approach comprising structure-based mAb charge engineering in ...

Hyperactivity of the human anterior hippocampus has been reported to spread from its CA1 subfield to the subiculum around the onset of first-episode psychosis and could be a cellular target for early therapeutic intervention in the schizophrenia prodrome. ...

The morphology and distribution of nanoscale structures, such as catalytic active nanoparticles and quantum dots on surfaces, have a significant impact on their function. Thus, the capability of monitoring these properties during manufacturing and operatio ...

Dopamine signals are thought to be important for reward-based learning and appear to play important roles in regulating synaptic plasticity in the nucleus accumbens and the striatum. However, the precise neuronal circuit mechanisms underlying the learning ...

Obesity represents a significant public health concern and is linked to various comorbidities and cognitive impairments. Previous research indicates that elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with structural changes in white matter (WM). However, a ...

Introduction Type C hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a decompensating event of chronic liver disease leading to severe motor and cognitive impairment. The progression of type C HE is associated with changes in brain metabolite concentrations measured by 1H m ...

Obesity is frequently associated with impairments in the social domain, and stress at puberty can lead to long-lasting changes in visceral fat deposition and in social behaviors. However, whether stress-induced changes in adipose tissue can affect fat-to-b ...

Encapsulated GDNF-producing C2C12 cells for Parkinson's disease: a pre-clinical study in chronic MPTP-treated baboons

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A Longitudinal and Reproducible Anti-coactivation Pattern Between the Cerebellum and the Ventral Tegmental Area Relates to Apathy in Schizophrenia

Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation: Exploring a Novel Treatment for Severe Opioid Use Disorder

Advanced imaging of gas diffusion layers: A comparison between focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy and X-ray computed tomography

Mitofusin-2 in nucleus accumbens D2-MSNs regulates social dominance and neuronal function

FADE-CTP: A Framework for the Analysis and Design of Educational Computational Thinking Problems

Clinical feasibility and validation of the accelerated T2 mapping sequence GRAPPATINI in brain imaging

Acute TNF alpha levels predict cognitive impairment 6-9 months after COVID-19 infection

Linking connectivity of deep brain stimulation of nucleus accumbens area with clinical depression improvements: a retrospective longitudinal case series

Plasticity of sensory representations in the posterior insular cortex during fear learning

GABAergic-like dopamine synapses in the brain

Loss of Motor Cortical Inputs to the Red Nucleus after CNS Disorders in Nonhuman Primates

Noninvasive theta-burst stimulation of the human striatum enhances striatal activity and motor skill learning

Interrelation between cardiac and brain small-vessel disease: a pilot quantitative PET and MRI study

Improved antibody pharmacokinetics by disruption of contiguous positive surface potential and charge reduction using alternate human framework

Acute optogenetic induction of the prodromal endophenotype of CA1 hyperactivity causes schizophrenia-related deficits in cognition and salience attribution

Hard x-ray grazing-incidence ptychography: large field-of-view nanostructure imaging with ultra-high surface sensitivity

Dopamine Dynamics in Reward-based Learning

White adipose tissue distribution and amount are associated with increased white matter connectivity

Diffusion of brain metabolites highlights altered brain microstructure in type C hepatic encephalopathy: a 9.4 T preliminary study

eNAMPT actions through nucleus accumbens NAD + /SIRT1 link increased adiposity with sociability deficits programmed by peripuberty stress