Concept

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver tissue. Some people or animals with hepatitis have no symptoms, whereas others develop yellow discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice), poor appetite, vomiting, tiredness, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Hepatitis is acute if it resolves within six months, and chronic if it lasts longer than six months. Acute hepatitis can resolve on its own, progress to chronic hepatitis, or (rarely) result in acute liver failure. Chronic hepatitis may progress to scarring of the liver (cirrhosis), liver failure, and liver cancer. Hepatitis is most commonly caused by the virus hepatovirus A, B, C, D, and E. Other viruses can also cause liver inflammation, including cytomegalovirus, Epstein–Barr virus, and yellow fever virus. Other common causes of hepatitis include heavy alcohol use, certain medications, toxins, other infections, autoimmune diseases, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Hepatitis A and E are mainly spread by contaminated food and water. Hepatitis B is mainly sexually transmitted, but may also be passed from mother to baby during pregnancy or childbirth and spread through infected blood. Hepatitis C is commonly spread through infected blood such as may occur during needle sharing by intravenous drug users. Hepatitis D can only infect people already infected with hepatitis B. Hepatitis A, B, and D are preventable with immunization. Medications may be used to treat chronic viral hepatitis. Antiviral medications are recommended in all with chronic hepatitis C, except those with conditions that limit their life expectancy. There is no specific treatment for NASH; physical activity, a healthy diet, and weight loss are recommended. Autoimmune hepatitis may be treated with medications to suppress the immune system. A liver transplant may be an option in both acute and chronic liver failure. Worldwide in 2015, hepatitis A occurred in about 114 million people, chronic hepatitis B affected about 343 million people and chronic hepatitis C about 142 million people.

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis

About this result

This page is automatically generated and may contain information that is not correct, complete, up-to-date, or relevant to your search query. The same applies to every other page on this website. Please make sure to verify the information with EPFL's official sources.

Related courses (7)

BIO-614: Practical - Antanasijevic Lab

The students will learn:

how to handle viral protein antigens and antibody samples
how to assemble and purify immune complexes using liquid chromatography
how to image them on an electron microscope ...

BIOENG-399: Immunoengineering

Immunoengineering is an emerging field where engineering principles are grounded in immunology. This course provides students a broad overview of how engineering approaches can be utilized to study immunology, model immune systems, modulate immune response ...

BIO-320: Morphology I

Ce cours est une préparation intensive à l'examen d'entrée en 3ème année de Médecine. Les matières enseignées sont la morphologie macroscopique (anatomie), microscopique (histologie) du corps humain. La matière est présentée dans une perspective médicale s ...

Related lectures (10)

Infectious Diseases: Small Molecule Drugs

Explores small molecule drugs for infectious diseases, covering global mortality rates, viral and bacterial injuries, antiviral and antibacterial agents, and the development of COX2 inhibitors.

Understanding SARS-CoV-2 Structure & Antiviral Strategies

Explores SARS-CoV-2 structure, antiviral strategies, and potential inhibitors, shedding light on effective approaches to combat viral infections.

Damping of the vertical emittance

Covers the impact of synchrotron radiation on the beam and the exponential decay of the emittance.

Related publications (20)

Prolonged Intrahepatic Cholestasis After Acute Hepatitis E Infection: A Case Series and Genetic Analysis

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. Whereas HEV infection is typically self‐limiting, rare cases of prolonged cholestasis have been reported. The underlying mechanisms remain unclear, though host genetic variation may contribute. This study aimed to investigate the role of genetic predisposition in HEV‐induced prolonged cholestasis by analysing variants in genes associated with hepatocanalicular transport. We performed a retrospective review of medical records from

Wiley2026

Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs in patients with fulminant herpes simplex virus hepatitis

Fulminant viral hepatitis (FVH) is a devastating condition caused by hepatotropic viruses such as hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and HSV-1/2. We studied 149 FVH patients (73 males and 76 females, aged 1-76) for blood autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs; IFN-α2, -β, -ω). Six of 16 (37.5%) HSV-triggered FVH patients carried such auto-Abs on admission, including three with a previously known autoimmune disease. These patients contrasted with 133 HAV- (n = 46) or H

2026

Optimizing hepatitis C diagnosis through reinforcement learning feature selection and multi-model machine learning evaluation

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a leading cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma globally, affecting approximately 50 million people with chronic infection worldwide. Traditional diagnostic approaches often rely on extensive biomarker panels, resulting in increased healthcare costs and clinical complexity without corresponding improvements in diagnostic accuracy. This study presents a novel multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) framework for optimizing HCV diagnosis through inte

Springer Science and Business Media LLC2026

Graph Chat

Chat with Graph Search

Ask any question about EPFL courses, lectures, exercises, research, news, etc. or try the example questions below.

DISCLAIMER: The Graph Chatbot is not programmed to provide explicit or categorical answers to your questions. Rather, it transforms your questions into API requests that are distributed across the various IT services officially administered by EPFL. Its purpose is solely to collect and recommend relevant references to content that you can explore to help you answer your questions.

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis

About this result

Ontological neighbourhood

Health sciences

Hepatology: Liver disease

Related courses (7)

BIO-614: Practical - Antanasijevic Lab

The students will learn:

how to handle viral protein antigens and antibody samples
how to assemble and purify immune complexes using liquid chromatography
how to image them on an electron microscope ...

BIOENG-399: Immunoengineering

BIO-320: Morphology I

Related lectures (10)

Infectious Diseases: Small Molecule Drugs

Explores small molecule drugs for infectious diseases, covering global mortality rates, viral and bacterial injuries, antiviral and antibacterial agents, and the development of COX2 inhibitors.

Understanding SARS-CoV-2 Structure & Antiviral Strategies

Explores SARS-CoV-2 structure, antiviral strategies, and potential inhibitors, shedding light on effective approaches to combat viral infections.

Damping of the vertical emittance

Covers the impact of synchrotron radiation on the beam and the exponential decay of the emittance.

Related publications (20)

Prolonged Intrahepatic Cholestasis After Acute Hepatitis E Infection: A Case Series and Genetic Analysis

Wiley2026

Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs in patients with fulminant herpes simplex virus hepatitis

2026

Optimizing hepatitis C diagnosis through reinforcement learning feature selection and multi-model machine learning evaluation

Springer Science and Business Media LLC2026

Related people (25)

Stéphane Joost

Expertise Geographic Information Science and spatial statisticsMolecular ecology, Landscape genomics, Seascape genomicsSpatial epidemiology, Health geographics Publications Publications- List of publications Teaching & PhD PhD Students Marco André Vieira Ruas, Manon Laetitia Pribille, Martine Valérie Besse Past EPFL PhD Students Estelle Rochat, Solange Catherine Gaillard, Oliver Michele Selmoni, Anaïs Ladoy, Annie Sandrine Guillaume Past EPFL PhD Students as codirector Sylvie Stucki, Kevin Leempoel, Martí

Elise Rose Eray

Teaching & PhD Courses Practical - Antanasijevic Lab BIO-614 The students will learn: 1) how to handle viral protein antigens and antibody samples 2) how to assemble and purify immune complexes using liquid chromatography 3) how to image them on an electron microscope

Anna Carratala Ripolles

During my PhD, I mainly focused on characterizing the effect of environmental factors (namely temperature and sunlight) and disinfectants on the stability of human viral pathogens as contaminants of aquatic environments. In addition,I developed a novel source tracking tool to identify avian fecal contamination in environmental samples. Thanks to a research fellowship given by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology, I also had the opportunity to explore the diversity of marine viruses in Mediterranean coastal waters by genetic fingerprinting and by next generation sequencing. Later on, I became interested in the long-term effect of environmental stressors on virus communities, so I joined the LCE as a postdoc to investigate the adaptation of enteroviruses to ultraviolet radiation. For 4 years, I worked on developing UV-resistant viruses and characterizing their acquired phenotypic and genetic properties by combining directed evolution experiments, deep sequencing and population genetics. Out of the lab, I am passionate about nature, traveling and scuba diving.

Mary-Anne Hartley

Antoine Jalil

Kristina Schoonjans

Expertise Bile acid signalingNutrient sensingIntermediary metabolismMetabolic disorders Teaching & PhD PhD Students Adrien Faure Past EPFL PhD Students Pan Xu, Ece Yildiz, Nadia Bresciani, Yu Sun, Francesca Pontanari, Alejandro Alonso Calleja Past EPFL PhD Students as codirector Mitsunori Nomura, Pan Xu, Katyayanee Neopane, Lucie Camille Chanvillard, Jakob Josef Langer, Bilge Sen Elçi Courses General Biology BIOENG-110 The purpose of the course is to provide a general overview of the biolo

Johan Auwerx

Johan Auwerx is Professor at the École Polytechnique Fédérale in Lausanne, Switzerland, where he occupies the Nestle Chair in Energy Metabolism. Dr. Auwerx has been using molecular physiology and systems genetics to understand metabolism in health, aging and disease. Much of his work focused on understanding how diet, exercise and hormones control metabolism through changing the expression of genes by altering the activity of transcription factors and their associated cofactors. His work was instrumental for the development of agonists of nuclear receptors - a particular class of transcription factors - into drugs, which now are used to treat high blood lipid levels, fatty liver, and type 2 diabetes. Dr. Auwerx was amongst the first to recognize that transcriptional cofactors, which fine-tune the activity of transcription factors, act as energy sensors/effectors that influence metabolic homeostasis. His research validated these cofactors as novel targets to treat metabolic diseases, and spurred the clinical use of natural compounds, such as resveratrol, as modulators of these cofactor pathways. Johan Auwerx was elected as a member of EMBO in 2003 and is the recipient of a dozen of international scientific prizes, including the Danone International Nutrition Award, the Oskar Minkowski Prize, and the Morgagni Gold Medal. His work is highly cited by his peers with a h-factor of over 100. He is an editorial board member of several journals, including Cell Metabolism, Molecular Systems Biology, The EMBO Journal, Journal of Cell Biology, Cell, and Science. Dr. Auwerx co-founded a handful of biotech companies, including Carex, PhytoDia, and most recently Mitobridge, and has served on several scientific advisory boards. Dr. Auwerx received both his MD and PhD in Molecular Endocrinology at the Katholieke Universiteit in Leuven, Belgium. He was a post-doctoral research fellow in the Departments of Medicine and Genetics of the University of Washington in Seattle.

Priscilla Turelli

Positions 2005-now: Research associate, Federal School of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Virology and Genetics, Lausanne, Switzerland 2001-2004: Research associate in Pr D. Tronos laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland 1997-2001: Post-doctoral research fellow in Pr D. Tronos laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland

Honors and fellowships 2004: Bristol-Myers Squibb AIDS AWARD 1997-1999: Human Frontier Science Program fellowship

Education June 1997: PhD in cellular biology. Final mark:jury congratulations. Université de la Méditerranée, France. June 1993: Post-graduate diploma in cellular biology and microbiology. INSERM U372, Marseille-Luminy, université de Provence, France. June 1992: Master in cellular biology Specialty: genetic. Final mark: Best master student of this year. Université de la Méditerranée, France. June 1987: Scientific baccalaureate, France.

Teaching experience 2009-now: phD thesis co-director, School of Life Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland. 2002: Tutor in virology for medical students, 2nd year, Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland. 1996-1997: Tutor in molecular biology and biochemistry for under-graduate students, Université de la Méditerranée, Aix Marseille II, France.

Bastien Mangeat

Address Bastien Mangeat, PhDGene Expression Core Facility (GECF)School of Life Sciences EPFL - Station 191015 LausanneSwitzerlandOffice: SV1535 Email for projects submissions and demands Please use gecf@epfl.ch (one email per project) Phone (email preferred) Landline (only internal calls are answered): 37 113Mobile (important/urgent only): 41 79 752 20 86 Teaching & PhD Courses Methods: omics in biomedical research BIOENG-519 High-throughput methodologies broadly called Omics allow to charac

Andrea Rinaldo

Related units (8)

Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology

Laboratory of Functional and Metabolic Imaging

Prof. Schoonjans Group

Related startups (1)

Cellestia Biotech SA

Active in biopharmaceutical, autoimmune diseases and multi-drug resistant cancers. Cellestia Biotech SA is a Swiss biopharmaceutical company developing pioneering therapies for autoimmune diseases and multi-drug resistant cancers, with a focus on targeting the CSL-NOTCH transcription complex.

Related concepts (32)

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) that affects the liver; it is a type of viral hepatitis. It can cause both acute and chronic infection. Many people have no symptoms during an initial infection. For others, symptoms may appear 30 to 180 days after becoming infected and can include a rapid onset of sickness with nausea, vomiting, yellowish skin, fatigue, dark urine, and abdominal pain. Symptoms during acute infection typically last for a few weeks, though some people may feel sick for up to six months.

Hepatitis C

Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that primarily affects the liver; it is a type of viral hepatitis. During the initial infection period, people often have mild or no symptoms. Early symptoms can include fever, dark urine, abdominal pain, and yellow tinged skin. The virus persists in the liver, becoming chronic, in about 70% of those initially infected. Early on, chronic infection typically has no symptoms. Over many years however, it often leads to liver disease and occasionally cirrhosis.

Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis, also known as liver cirrhosis or hepatic cirrhosis, and end-stage liver disease, is the impaired liver function caused by the formation of scar tissue known as fibrosis due to damage caused by liver disease. Damage to the liver leads to repair of liver tissue and subsequent formation of scar tissue. Over time, scar tissue can replace normal functioning tissue, leading to the impaired liver function of cirrhosis. The disease typically develops slowly over months or years.