3-prnted devces for optmzed generaton of cold atmospherc plasma to mprove decontamnaton of surfaces from respratory pathogens

Three-dmensonal (3)-prntng technology s nstrumental n creatng devces for bologcal applcatons, ncludng the explotaton of cold atmospherc plasma (CAP). CAP, a partally onzed gas that functons at ambent temperatures, serves as a safe, nexpensve, and effectve tool for the nactvaton of varous pathogens on dfferent surfaces. In ths study, we compared three dfferent 3-prnted devces wth respect to ther ablty to provde optmzed CAP compostons effectve aganst select respratory vruses (SARS-CoV-2, nfluenza vrus, adenovrus, and rhnovrus) and the bacterum Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whch s assocated wth serous lung dseases. The transmsson of respratory pathogens va surface contamnaton may pose a serous health threat, thus hghlghtng the bologcal mportance of the current study. The propertes of a prototype 3-prnted CAP-generatng devce and two optmzed versons were characterzed by detectng reactve oxygen and ntrogen speces (RONS) n a gaseous envronment va nfrared spectroscopy and analyzng the composton of the reactve compounds. The vrucdal effects of CAP were examned by determnng vrus nfectvty and partcle ntegrty. The bactercdal effect was documented by vablty testng and vsualzaton va transmsson electron mcroscopy. The findngs ndcate that optmzaton of the 3-prnted devces for CAP producton yelded an envronment wth relatvely hgh amounts of RONS (O3, N2O, NO2, and H2O2), reducng the exposure tme requred for nactvaton of respratory pathogens by approxmately 50%. In addton to reducng nfectvty and vablty, CAP treatment led to the destructon of vral nuclec acds and physcal damage to bacteral cells. Owng to ts flexblty and easy mplementaton, optmzed CAP generated by 3-prnted devces provdes an attractve nactvaton method adaptable for dfferent bologcal applcatons, ncludng surface decontamnaton from vral and bacteral pathogens.