Plasmonic Nanostructure Biosensors for Continuous Monitoring and Multiplexed Profiling with Ultra-Broad Dynamic Range

Accurate and timely molecular diagnostics remain limited by the static nature of conventional assays, insufficient sensitivity for low-abundance targets, and restricted dynamic range for quantifying both low- and high-abundance biomarkers. Existing methods rely on endpoint measurements that obscure temporal dynamics, require analyte-specific dilutions, and are prone to cross-reactivity in multiplexed formats. To overcome these barriers, this thesis establishes a plasmonic biosensing framework that integrates continuous monitoring, nanoparticle-based amplification, and multiplexed ultrabroad dynamic range detection on engineered nanostructures. In the first part, continuous plasmonic biosensing was realized on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) gold chips through reversible bioassay design. Incorporating regeneration protocols enabled over 100 measurement cycles in buffer with 1 min reset time and