Asset classesIn finance, an asset class is a group of financial instruments that have similar financial characteristics and behave similarly in the marketplace. We can often break these instruments into those having to do with real assets and those having to do with financial assets. Often, assets within the same asset class are subject to the same laws and regulations; however, this is not always true. For instance, futures on an asset are often considered part of the same asset class as the underlying instrument but are subject to different regulations than the underlying instrument.
Cost curveIn economics, a cost curve is a graph of the costs of production as a function of total quantity produced. In a free market economy, productively efficient firms optimize their production process by minimizing cost consistent with each possible level of production, and the result is a cost curve. Profit-maximizing firms use cost curves to decide output quantities. There are various types of cost curves, all related to each other, including total and average cost curves; marginal ("for each additional unit") cost curves, which are equal to the differential of the total cost curves; and variable cost curves.
Moment (probabilités)En théorie des probabilités et en statistique, les moments d’une variable aléatoire réelle sont des indicateurs de la dispersion de cette variable. Le premier moment ordinaire, appelé moment d'ordre 1 est l'espérance (i.e la moyenne) de cette variable. Le deuxième moment centré d'ordre 2 est la variance. Ainsi, l'écart type est la racine carrée du moment centré d’ordre 2. Le moment d'ordre 3 est l'asymétrie. Le moment d'ordre 4 est le kurtosis. Le concept de moment est proche du concept de moment en physique.
Offer and acceptanceOffer and acceptance are generally recognised as essential requirements for the formation of a contract, and analysis of their operation is a traditional approach in contract law. The offer and acceptance formula, developed in the 19th century, identifies a moment of formation when the parties are . This classical approach to contract formation has been modified by developments in the law of estoppel, misleading conduct, misrepresentation, unjust enrichment, and power of acceptance.
Scenario optimizationThe scenario approach or scenario optimization approach is a technique for obtaining solutions to robust optimization and chance-constrained optimization problems based on a sample of the constraints. It also relates to inductive reasoning in modeling and decision-making. The technique has existed for decades as a heuristic approach and has more recently been given a systematic theoretical foundation. In optimization, robustness features translate into constraints that are parameterized by the uncertain elements of the problem.
Analyse techniqueL'analyse technique consiste en l’étude des graphiques de cours de la bourse et de différents indicateurs déduits des cours (actif sous-jacent) dans le but de prévoir l'évolution des marchés. Cette extrapolation graphique s'applique à tout type de marché comme les indices, prix, taux et matières premières. Elle n'est donc pas limitée à la bourse (marchés des actions) ; les mêmes outils et méthodes pouvant être appliqués à tout type d'actif sous-jacent dès lors que son prix est déterminé par la rencontre de l'offre et de la demande.
