Modeling and simulation of neocortical micro- and mesocircuitry. Part II: Physiology and experimentation

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Although classically Rapid-Eye Movement (REM) sleep was thought to generate desynchronized activity similar to wakefulness, it was found that some brain regions could express Slow Wave activity (SWA), a pattern which was normally typical of slow-wave sleep ...

Face presentation attacks are a propagating issue in an increasingly digitally interconnected world. One of the most recent developments is deepfake impersonation attacks in live video streams. Behavioral biometric analysis is a crucial part of a comprehen ...

The mammalian brain develops through precisely orchestrated events that transform a simple neural tube into a complex structure. While single-cell RNA sequencing has revealed remarkable cellular heterogeneity, the lack of spatial context limits our underst ...

Accurate segmentation of anatomical substructures within 3D curvilinear structures in medical imaging remains challenging due to their complex geometry and the scarcity of diverse, large-scale datasets for algorithm development and evaluation. In this pape ...

Pacinian corpuscles are among the most sensitive mechanoreceptors found in vertebrates, and they are tuned to vibrations in the highest perceptible frequency range (100 to 2000 Hz). One of their anatomical hallmarks is the onion-like cell layers surroundin ...

Once contact with a pathogen has occurred, it might be too late for the immune system to react. Here, we asked whether anticipatory neural responses might sense potential infections and signal to the immune system, priming it for a response. We show that p ...

Axons are ultrathin membrane cables that are specialized for the conduction of action potentials. Although their diameter is variable along their length, how their morphology is determined is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that unmyelinated axons of the mou ...

Energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectrum imaging yields compositional information with a spatial resolution down to the atomic level. However, experimental limitations often produce extremely sparse and noisy EDX spectra. Under such conditions, every detecte ...

In humans and animals, surprise is a physiological reaction to an unexpected event, but how surprise can be linked to plausible models of neuronal activity is an open problem. We propose a self-supervised spiking neural network model where a surprise signa ...

Electrical stimulation of the nervous system has emerged as a promising assistive technology in case of many injuries and illnesses across various parts of the nervous system. In particular, the invasive neuromodulation of the peripheral nervous system see ...

In recent years, the emphasis on computational thinking (CT) has intensified as an effect of accelerated digitalisation. While most researchers are concentrating on defining CT and developing tools for its instruction and assessment, we focus on the charac ...

Reinforcement feedback can improve motor learning, but the underlying brain mechanisms remain underexplored. In particular, the causal contribution of specific patterns of oscillatory activity within the human striatum is unknown. To address this question, ...

The temporal variability of the thalamus in functional networks may provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. To address the complexity of the role of the thalamic nuclei in psychosis, we introduced micro-co-activation patterns ( ...

Topographical disorientation refers to the selective inability to orient oneself in familiar surroundings. However, to date its neural correlates remain poorly understood. Here we use quantitative lesion analysis and a lesion network mapping approach in or ...

This article summarizes the recent advancements in the design, fabrication, and control of microrobotic devices for the diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders. With a focus on diverse actuation methods, we discuss how advancements in materials science ...

Obesity represents a significant public health concern and is linked to various comorbidities and cognitive impairments. Previous research indicates that elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with structural changes in white matter (WM). However, a ...

Recently, cutting-edge brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) have revealed the potential of decoders such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs) in predicting attempted handwriting [1] or speech [2], enabling rapid communication recovery after paralysis. However, c ...

The reported rate of the occurrence of unilateral spatial neglect (USN) is highly variable likely due to the lack of validity and low sensitivity of classical tools used to assess it. Virtual reality (VR) assessments try to overcome these limitations by pr ...

In the last few years, stroke ranked as the second most common cause of death and is the third most significant condition affecting disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) worldwide. Being the most prevalent and quality of life impacting post-stroke symptom ...

The rise of robotic body augmentation brings forth new developments that will transform robotics, human-machine interaction, and wearable electronics. Extra robotic limbs, although building upon restorative technologies, bring their own set of challenges i ...

Modeling and simulation of neocortical micro- and mesocircuitry. Part II: Physiology and experimentation

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Experimental and computational analysis of REM sleep distributed cortical activity in mice

Behavior-Based Deepfake Detection: Leveraging Cognitive Response to Visual Face Perception

Fine-grained mapping of neural progenitors subtypes in the embryonic brain unveils context-dependent roles of signalling on cell fate decisions

Frenet-Serret Frame-based Decomposition for Part Segmentation of 3D Curvilinear Structures

Lamellar Schwann Cells in the Pacinian Corpuscle Potentiate Vibration Perception

Neural anticipation of virtual infection triggers an immune response

Membrane mechanics dictate axonal pearls-on-a-string morphology and function

A Multiscale Bayesian Approach to Quantification and Denoising of Energy-dispersive X-ray Data

Fast adaptation to rule switching using neuronal surprise

Biophysically accurate and machine learning-based surrogate models to optimize neuroprosthesis design and operation

FADE-CTP: A Framework for the Analysis and Design of Educational Computational Thinking Problems

Non-invasive stimulation of the human striatum disrupts reinforcement learning of motor skills

Thalamic contributions to psychosis susceptibility: Evidence from co-activation patterns accounting for intra-seed spatial variability (μCAPs)

The neural correlates of topographical disorientation-a lesion analysis study

Small-scale robotic devices for medical interventions in the brain

White adipose tissue distribution and amount are associated with increased white matter connectivity

33.3 MiBMI: A 192/512-Channel 2.46mm² Miniaturized Brain-Machine Interface Chipset Enabling 31-Class Brain-to-Text Conversion Through Distinctive Neural Codes

An immersive virtual reality tool for assessing left and right unilateral spatial neglect

Probing and modulating inter-areal coupling in the cortical visual motion processing pathway with non-invasive brain stimulation

Investigating neural resource allocation in the sensorimotor control of extra limbs