Whole genome doubling promotes tumorigenesis through loss of chromatin segregation and compartment repositioning

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Chromatin-modifying enzymes target distinct residues within histones to finetune gene expression profiles. SIRT7 is an NAD+-dependent deacylase often deregulated in cancer, which deacetylates either H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) or H3K18 with high specificity withi ...

In particular, this sequence is found in the 39 members of the amniote Hox gene family, a series of genes activated in mid-gastrulation and involved in organizing morphologies along the extending anterior to posterior (AP) body axis. Over the past 30 years ...

Telomeres are the nucleoprotein structures at chromosome ends. Telomeres are particularly sensitive to oxidative stress, which can induce telomere damage, shortening, and premature cellular senescence. How oxidative damage influences telomere structure has ...

Constitutive heterochromatin is essential for transcriptional silencing and genome integrity. The establishment of constitutive heterochromatin in early embryos and its role in early fruitfly development are unknown. Lysine 9 trimethylation of histone H3 ( ...

The control of eukaryotic gene expression is intimately connected to highly dynamic chromatin structures. Gene regulation relies on activator and repressor transcription factors (TFs) that induce local chromatin opening and closing. However, it is unclear ...

Since Strahl and Allis proposed the "language of covalent histone modifications", a host of experimental studies have shed light on the different facets of chromatin regulation by epigenetic mechanisms. Initially proposed as a concept for controlling gene ...

Heterochromatin loss and genetic instability enhance cancer progression by favoring clonal diversity, yet uncontrolled replicative stress leads to mitotic catastrophe and inflammatory responses that promote immune rejection. KRAB domain-containing zinc fin ...

How chronic mutational processes and punctuated bursts of DNA damage drive evolution of the cancer genome is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate a strategy to disentangle and quantify distinct mechanisms underlying genome evolution in single cells, dur ...

Steroid hormone receptors (HRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that play a pivotal role in breast development and carcinogenesis. It is well established that estrogen receptor (ER) signaling is a major proliferative driver in estrogen receptor ...

Base excision repair enzymes (BERs) detect and repair oxidative DNA damage with efficacy despite the small size of the defects and their often only minor structural impact. A charge transfer (CT) model for rapid scanning of DNA stretches has been evoked to ...

DNA damage signaling following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) involves numerous regulating proteins, which dynamically recognize ('read') and alter ('write' or 'erase') histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). Among these PTMs, the ubiquitin syste ...

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) extends to the outer (ONM) and the inner (INM) nuclear membrane forming the nuclear envelope (NE) that delimits the nucleoplasm containing the cell genome. Unfolded protein responses (UPRs) and reticulophagy responses increas ...

Histone deacylases are erasers of Nε-acyl-lysine post-translational modifications and have been targeted for decades for the treatment of cancer, neurodegeneration and other disorders. Due to their relatively promiscuous activity on peptide substrates in v ...

Growing evidence indicates that transposable elements (TEs) play important roles in evolution by providing genomes with coding and non-coding sequences. Identification of TE-derived functional elements, however, has relied on TE annotations in individual s ...

During gastrulation, Hox genes are activated in a timesequence that follows the order of the genes along their clusters. This property, which is observed in all animals that develop following a progressive rostral-to-caudal morphogenesis, is associated wit ...

DNA replication in bacteria takes place on highly compacted chromosomes, where segregation, transcription, and repair must occur simultaneously. Within this dynamic environment, colocalization of sister replisomes has been observed in many bacterial specie ...

Bacteria are ubiquitous single cellular organisms. Compared to eukaryotic cells, bacteria have two unique characteristics: the membrane-less nucleoid and the cell wall built of peptidoglycan (PG). In most bacteria, a single circular chromosome is compacted ...

Cell fate progression of pluripotent progenitors is strictly regulated, resulting in high human cell diversity. Epigenetic modifications also orchestrate cell fate restriction. Unveiling the epigenetic mechanisms underlying human cell diversity has been di ...

The last two decades have seen the development of organoid models for many different tissues and organs. Organoids are three-dimensional organ-mimetics derived from stem or progenitor cells comprising various specialized cell types, resembling the architec ...

Cis-genetic effects are key determinants of transcriptional divergence in discrete tissues and cell types. However, how cis- and trans-effects act across continuous trajectories of cellular differentiation in vivo is poorly understood. Here, we quantify al ...

Whole genome doubling promotes tumorigenesis through loss of chromatin segregation and compartment repositioning

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Structural basis of SIRT7 nucleosome engagement and substrate specificity

Comments on the Hox timer and related issues

Oxidative stress at telomeres triggers internal DNA loops, TRF1 dissociation, and TRF2-dependent R-loops

Inheritance of H3K9 methylation regulates genome architecture in Drosophila early embryos

Individual transcription factors modulate both the micromovement of chromatin and its long-range structure

Decoding Chromatin Ubiquitylation: A Chemical Biology Perspective

A Cluster of Evolutionarily Recent KRAB Zinc Finger Proteins Protects Cancer Cells from Replicative Stress–Induced Inflammation

Single-mitosis dissection of acute and chronic DNA mutagenesis and repair

Androgen Receptor Signaling in in vivo models of Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer and Normal Breast Epithelium

Oxidative Defect Detection Within Free and Packed DNA Systems: A Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanics (QM/ MM) Approach

A chemical biology approach to decipher chromatin ubiquitylation by RNF168

Control of nuclear envelope dynamics during acute ER stress by LINC complexes disassembly and selective, asymmetric autophagy of the outer nuclear membrane

Revealing chromatin-specific functions of histone deacylases

Ancestral genome reconstruction enhances transposable element annotation by identifying degenerate integrants

A CTCF-dependent mechanism underlies the Hox timer relation to a segmented body plan

Chromosome organization shapes replisome dynamics in Caulobacter crescentus

Resolving bacterial cell biology: from replisome dynamics to cell wall synthesis

Single-cell epigenomic reconstruction of developmental trajectories from pluripotency in human neural organoid systems

Bioengineering functional organoid models across scales

The dynamic genetic determinants of increased transcriptional divergence in spermatids