In-Sensor Computing by Reconfigurable Field-Effect Transistors

The rising demand for multiplexed biomarker analysis in complex disease diagnostics, such as cancer, places a premium on biosensing technologies that can process multiple biochemical information with minimal power and footprint. Current systems, however, rely on complex analog front ends that make complex signal interpretation, increase energy consumption, and limit miniaturization. In this work, we overcome these limitations with a novel circuit based on nine triple-independent-gate reconfigurable field-effect transistors (RFETs). This circuit processes three analog inputs from a biotransducer, performing, if needed, in total up to eleven combinations of logic operations (showcased four in this work) to enable integrated in-sensor computing and multiplexing. The resulting output provides a direct digital correlation with pathological conditions, offering a clear pathway for therapeutic decision-making. We validated four core logic functions through in-silico simulations using models from Global TCAD Solutions, confirming the circuit's operational principle.