Percolation thresholdThe percolation threshold is a mathematical concept in percolation theory that describes the formation of long-range connectivity in random systems. Below the threshold a giant connected component does not exist; while above it, there exists a giant component of the order of system size. In engineering and coffee making, percolation represents the flow of fluids through porous media, but in the mathematics and physics worlds it generally refers to simplified lattice models of random systems or networks (graphs), and the nature of the connectivity in them.
Analyse de surviethumb|Exemple de courbe de survie. L'analyse de (la) survie est une branche des statistiques qui cherche à modéliser le temps restant avant la mort pour des organismes biologiques (l'espérance de vie) ou le temps restant avant l'échec ou la panne dans les systèmes artificiels, ce que l'on représente graphiquement sous la forme d'une courbe de survie. On parle aussi d'analyse de la fiabilité en ingénierie, d'analyse de la durée en économie ou d'analyse de l'histoire d'événements en sociologie.
Survival functionThe survival function is a function that gives the probability that a patient, device, or other object of interest will survive past a certain time. The survival function is also known as the survivor function or reliability function. The term reliability function is common in engineering while the term survival function is used in a broader range of applications, including human mortality. The survival function is the complementary cumulative distribution function of the lifetime.
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