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Francesco Gramuglia

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Publications associées (22)

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A 3.3-Gb/s SPAD-Based Quantum Random Number Generator

Edoardo Charbon, Francesco Gramuglia, Pouyan Keshavarzian

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) are a burgeoning technology used for a variety of applications, including modern security and encryption systems. Typical methods exploit an entropy source combined with an extraction or bit generation circuit in or ...

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC2023

High-Performance CMOS SPAD-Based Sensors for Time-of-Flight PET Applications

Francesco Gramuglia

Detecting light, photon by photon, has been possible since the 1930s, with the invention of the photomultiplier tube (PMT). However, it is only since the 1970s, that solid-state single-photon detectors have emerged and only since 2003 that a new technology ...

EPFL2022

On Analog Silicon Photomultipliers in Standard 55-nm BCD Technology for LiDAR Applications

Edoardo Charbon, Francesco Gramuglia, Myung Jae Lee, Pouyan Keshavarzian, Tommaso Milanese, Jiuxuan Zhao

We present an analog silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) based on a standard 55-nm Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCD) technology. The SiPM is composed of 16 x 16 single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) and measures 0.29 x 0.32 mm(2). Each SPAD cell is passively quenched by ...

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC2022

A Low-noise CMOS SPAD Pixel with 12.1 ps SPTR and 3 ns Dead Time

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Francesco Gramuglia, Myung Jae Lee, Ming-Lo Wu

In this paper, we present the first CMOS SPAD with performance comparable or better than that of the best custom SPADs, to date. The SPAD-based design, fully integrated in 180 nm CMOS technology, achieves a peak PDP of 55% at 480nm with a very broad spectr ...

2022

A Sensor Network Architecture for Digital SiPM-Based PET Systems

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Francesco Gramuglia

Digital silicon photo-multipliers (SiPMs) have emerged in the recent past as a viable low cost alternative to photomultiplier tubes in positron emission tomography systems, providing multiple timestamps, energy and scintillation coordinates at high spatial ...

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC2018

SPAD Developed in 55 nm Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS Technology Achieving Near 90% Peak PDP

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Francesco Gramuglia, Myung Jae Lee, Ekin Kizilkan, Pouyan Keshavarzian, Won Yong Ha

We present a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) developed in 55 nm bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCD) technology, which achieves high photon detection probability (PDP) while its breakdown voltage is lower than 20 V. To enhance the PDP performance, the SPAD junctio ...

Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc2024

Radiation Hardness Study of Single-Photon Avalanche Diode for Space and High Energy Physics Applications

Edoardo Charbon, Francesco Gramuglia, Emanuele Ripiccini, Ekin Kizilkan, Ming-Lo Wu, Pouyan Keshavarzian, Kazuhiro Morimoto

The radiation hardness of 180 nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) and 55 nm bipolar-CMOS-double-diffused MOS single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) is studied using 10 MeV and 100 MeV protons up to a displacement damage dose of 1 PeV/g. It is ...

MDPI2022

Single-Photon Avalanche Diode for Scalable Particle Detection

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Francesco Gramuglia, Emanuele Ripiccini, Ekin Kizilkan, Ming-Lo Wu, Jad Benserhir

Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs), also referred to as Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes, are primarily utilized in photon detection and counting. In this work, we present a measurement of the time-of-flight of minimum ionizing particles with outstand ...

IEEE2023

A Gradient-Gated SPAD Array for Non-Line-of-Sight Imaging

Edoardo Charbon, Francesco Gramuglia, Myung Jae Lee, Pouyan Keshavarzian, Jiuxuan Zhao

Time-resolved non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging based on single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detectors have demonstrated impressive results in recent years. To acquire adequate number of indirect photons from a hidden scene in the presence of overwhelming ...

Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc2024

Sub-10 ps Minimum Ionizing Particle Detection With Geiger-Mode APDs

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Francesco Gramuglia, Emanuele Ripiccini, Ming-Lo Wu

Major advances in silicon pixel detectors, with outstanding timing performance, have recently attracted significant attention in the community. In this work we present and discuss the use of state-of-the-art Geiger-mode APDs, also known as single-photon av ...

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA2022

Light Extraction Enhancement Techniques for Inorganic Scintillators

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Francesco Gramuglia, Emanuele Ripiccini, Esteban Venialgo Araujo, Simone Frasca

Scintillators play a key role in the detection chain of several applications which rely on the use of ionizing radiation, and it is often mandatory to extract and detect the generated scintillation light as efficiently as possible. Typical inorganic scinti ...

2021

Engineering Breakdown Probability Profile for PDP and DCR Optimization in a SPAD Fabricated in a Standard 55nm BCD Process

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Francesco Gramuglia, Myung Jae Lee, Ekin Kizilkan, Pouyan Keshavarzian

CMOS Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) have broken into the mainstream by enabling the adoption of imaging, timing, and security technologies in a variety of applications within the consumer, medical and industrial domains. The continued scaling of te ...

2021

Light Extraction Enhancement in Scintillation Crystals Using Thin Film Coatings

Edoardo Charbon, Hans Peter Herzig, Claudio Bruschini, Francesco Gramuglia, Nicolas Maxime André Descharmes, Esteban Venialgo Araujo

2018

Low-noise high-dynamic-range single-photon avalanche diodes with integrated PQAR circuit in a standard 55 nm BCD

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Francesco Gramuglia, Myung Jae Lee, Ekin Kizilkan, Pouyan Keshavarzian

Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) based sensors and systems enable a variety of applications in biomedical, automotive, consumer, and security domains. While several established standard technologies, which can facilitate the design of SPAD-based system ...

SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING2022

Architecture and Characterization of a CMOS 3D-Stacked FSI Multi-Channel Digital SiPM for Time-of-Flight PET Applications

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Francesco Gramuglia, Scott Anthony Lindner, Myung Jae Lee, Andrei Ardelean, Andrada Alexandra Muntean, Esteban Venialgo Araujo

IEEE2021

Towards the ideal PET detector: a scalable architecture with high intrinsic spatial resolution, DOI and sub-200 ps TOF capability

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Francesco Gramuglia, Emanuele Ripiccini

IEEE2021

CMOS 3D-Stacked FSI Multi-Channel Digital SiPM for Time-of-Flight PET Applications

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Francesco Gramuglia, Myung Jae Lee, Scott Anthony Lindner, Andrei Ardelean, Andrada Alexandra Muntean, Esteban Venialgo Araujo

2020

Francesco Gramuglia

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A 3.3-Gb/s SPAD-Based Quantum Random Number Generator

High-Performance CMOS SPAD-Based Sensors for Time-of-Flight PET Applications

On Analog Silicon Photomultipliers in Standard 55-nm BCD Technology for LiDAR Applications

A Low-noise CMOS SPAD Pixel with 12.1 ps SPTR and 3 ns Dead Time

A Sensor Network Architecture for Digital SiPM-Based PET Systems

SPAD Developed in 55 nm Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS Technology Achieving Near 90% Peak PDP

Radiation Hardness Study of Single-Photon Avalanche Diode for Space and High Energy Physics Applications

Single-Photon Avalanche Diode for Scalable Particle Detection

A Gradient-Gated SPAD Array for Non-Line-of-Sight Imaging

Sub-10 ps Minimum Ionizing Particle Detection With Geiger-Mode APDs

Light Extraction Enhancement Techniques for Inorganic Scintillators

Engineering Breakdown Probability Profile for PDP and DCR Optimization in a SPAD Fabricated in a Standard 55nm BCD Process

Light Extraction Enhancement in Scintillation Crystals Using Thin Film Coatings

Low-noise high-dynamic-range single-photon avalanche diodes with integrated PQAR circuit in a standard 55 nm BCD

Deep cryogenic operation of 55 nm CMOS SPADs for quantum information and metrology applications

Light Extraction Enhancement Techniques for Inorganic Scintillators

Tradeoffs in Cherenkov Detection for Positron Emission Tomography

Architecture and Characterization of a CMOS 3D-Stacked FSI Multi-Channel Digital SiPM for Time-of-Flight PET Applications

Towards the ideal PET detector: a scalable architecture with high intrinsic spatial resolution, DOI and sub-200 ps TOF capability

CMOS 3D-Stacked FSI Multi-Channel Digital SiPM for Time-of-Flight PET Applications