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Chromatin-modifying enzymes target distinct residues within histones to finetune gene expression profiles. SIRT7 is an NAD+-dependent deacylase often deregulated in cancer, which deacetylates either H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) or H3K18 with high specificity withi ...

The essential human enzyme lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) silences genes by demethylating mono- and dimethylated lysine 4 in histone H3 (H3K4me1/2). Studies of the minimal requirements for LSD1 activity are complicated by the heterogeneity of histone ...

Protein O-GlcNAcylation is an essential and dynamic regulator of myriad cellular processes, including DNA replication and repair. Proteomic studies have identified the multifunctional nuclear protein HMGB1 as O-GlcNAcylated, providing a potential link betw ...

Specialized magnetic beads that bind target proteins to a cryogenic electron microscopy grid make it possible to study the structure of protein complexes from dilute samples. ...

The inner nuclear membrane is functionalized by diverse transmembrane proteins that associate with nuclear lamins and/or chromatin. When cells enter mitosis, membrane-chromatin contacts must be broken to allow for proper chromosome segregation; yet how thi ...

KAP1 (KRAB domain-associated protein 1) plays a fundamental role in regulating gene expression in mammalian cells by recruiting different transcription factors and altering the chromatin state. In doing so, KAP1 acts both as a platform for macromolecular i ...

In nature, individual histones in the same nucleosome can carry identical (symmetric) or different (asymmetric) post-translational modification (PTM) patterns, increasing the combinatorial complexity. Embryonic stem cells exhibit bivalent nucleosomes, some ...

Chromatin is spatially organized into functional states that are defined by both the presence of specific histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) and a defined set of chromatin-associated “reader” proteins. Different models for the underlying mecha ...

Nucleosomes carry extensive post-translational modifications (PTMs), which results in complex modification patterns that are involved in epigenetic signaling. Although two copies of each histone coexist in a nucleosome, they may not carry the same PTMs and ...

Specialized chromatin domains contribute to nuclear organization and regulation of gene expression. Gene-poor regions are di- and trimethylated at lysine 9 of histone H3 (H3K9me2 and H3K9me3) by the histone methyltransferase Suv39h1. This enzyme harnesses ...

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors recognizes DNA motifs known as E-boxes (CANNTG) and includes 108 members(1). Here we investigate how chromatinized E-boxes are engaged by two structurally diverse bHLH proteins: the proto-on ...

Pioneer transcription factors (pTFs) bind to target sites within compact chromatin, initiating chromatin remodeling and controlling the recruitment of downstream factors. The mechanisms by which pTFs overcome the chromatin barrier are not well understood. ...

The local structural organization of chromatin in mitotic chromosomes is not well understood. A new cryo-electron tomography study from the Daban laboratory (Chicano et al, ) reveals that mitotic chromatin isolated from human cells can assume a plate-like ...

The centromere is an essential chromatin domain required for kinetochore recruitment and chromosome segregation in eukaryotes. To perform this role, centro-chromatin adopts a unique structure that provides access to kinetochore proteins and maintains stabi ...

Histone deacylases are erasers of Nε-acyl-lysine post-translational modifications and have been targeted for decades for the treatment of cancer, neurodegeneration and other disorders. Due to their relatively promiscuous activity on peptide substrates in v ...

Proteins are subject to aging in the form of spontaneous, nonenzymatic post-translational modifications (PTMs). One such PTM is the formation of the β-linked isomer l-isoaspartic acid (isoAsp) from aspartic acid (Asp) or asparagine residues, which tends to ...

Ubiquitylation of histone H2A at lysines 13 and 15 by the E3 ligase RNF168 plays a key role in orchestrating DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair, which is often deregulated in cancer. RNF168 activity is triggered by DSB signaling cascades, reportedly thro ...

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Structural basis of SIRT7 nucleosome engagement and substrate specificity

Nucleosome Binding by the Lysine Specific Demethylase 1 (LSD1) Enzyme Enables Histone H3 Demethylation

O-GlcNAcylation of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) Alters Its DNA Binding and DNA Damage Processing Activities

MagIC beads for scarce macromolecules

Torsin ATPases influence chromatin interaction of the Torsin regulator LAP1

Molecular and Chemical Mechanism in Epigenetics – Swiss Summer School 2015 July 12–17, 2015, Hotel Kurhaus, Arolla, Switzerland

KAP1 is an antiparallel dimer with a functional asymmetry

A Modular Ligation Strategy for Asymmetric Bivalent Nucleosomes Trimethylated at K36 and K27

Multivalent Peptide Ligands To Probe the Chromocenter Microenvironment in Living Cells

Traceless Synthesis of Asymmetrically Modified Bivalent Nucleosomes

A two-state activation mechanism controls the histone methyltransferase Suv39h1

Cooperation between bHLH transcription factors and histones for DNA access

Chromatin Fiber Invasion and Nucleosome Displacement by the Rap1 Transcription Factor

Revealing chromatin organization in metaphase chromosomes

The Elusive Structure of Centro-Chromatin: Molecular Order or Dynamic Heterogenetity?

Chromatin as a Dynamic Platform for Protein-Protein Interactions

Revealing chromatin-specific functions of histone deacylases

Gene control with a "twist": Exploring the dynamic chromatin landscape Gene control with a "twist": Exploring the dynamic chromatin landscape

Semisynthesis of Isomerized Histone H4 Reveals Robustness and Vulnerability of Chromatin toward Molecular Aging

A Site-Specific Click Chemistry Approach to Di-Ubiquitylate H1 Variants Reveals Position-Dependent Stimulation of the DNA Repair Protein RNF168