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Kristin Schirmer

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Publications associées (91)

Critical influence of chloride ions on silver ion-mediated acute toxicity of silver nanoparticles to zebrafish embryos

Renata Behra, Kristin Schirmer

The toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) to aquatic organisms, including zebrafish (Danio rerio), has been demonstrated, but differing opinions exist on the contribution of the physical properties of the particles themselves and the free dissolved silve ...

Informa Healthcare2015

Silver Nanoparticle Effects on Stream Periphyton During Short-Term Exposures

Renata Behra, Kristin Schirmer, Ahmed Tlili

Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are increasingly used as antimicrobials in consumer products. Subsequently released into aquatic environments, they are likely to come in contact with microbial communities like periphyton, which plays a key role as a primary pr ...

Amer Chemical Soc2015

Development and application of the adverse outcome pathway framework for understanding and predicting chronic toxicity: II. A focus on growth impairment in fish

Kristin Schirmer

Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) organize knowledge on the progression of toxicity through levels of biological organization. By determining the linkages between toxicity events at different levels, AOPs lay the foundation for mechanism-based alternative te ...

Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd2015

Silver nanoparticle toxicity and association with the alga Euglena gracilis

Renata Behra, Laura Sigg, Kristin Schirmer, Xiaomei Li, Laetitia Bernard

The impact of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on aquatic algae has largely been studied with model species that possess a rigid cell wall. Here, we explored the interactions of AgNPs with Euglena gracilis, a green alga having no cell wall but a pellicle. The ...

Royal Soc Chemistry2015

Development and application of the adverse outcome pathway framework for understanding and predicting chronic toxicity: I. Challenges and research needs in ecotoxicology

Kristin Schirmer

To elucidate the effects of chemicals on populations of different species in the environment, efficient testing and modeling approaches are needed that consider multiple stressors and allow reliable extrapolation of responses across species. An adverse out ...

Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd2015

Nanotoxicology in the environment

Kristin Schirmer

Royal Soc Chemistry2015

Toxicity of silver nanoparticles to a fish gill cell line: Role of medium composition

Renata Behra, Laura Sigg, Yang Yue, Kristin Schirmer

In aqueous solutions, silver nanoparticle (AgNP) behavior is affected by a variety of factors which lead to altered AgNP size and toxicity. Our research aims to explore the effect of media composition on citrate-coated AgNP (cit-AgNP) behavior and toxicity ...

Informa Healthcare2015

LC-MS/MS determination of potential endocrine disruptors of cortico signalling in rivers and wastewaters

Kristin Schirmer

A targeted analytical method was established to determine a large number of chemicals known to interfere with the gluco- and mineralocorticoid signalling pathway. The analytes comprise 30 glucocorticoids and 9 mineralocorticoids. Ten out of these corticost ...

Springer Heidelberg2014

Mixtures of Chemical Pollutants at European Legislation Safety Concentrations: How Safe Are They?

Kristin Schirmer

The risk posed by complex chemical mixtures in the environment to wildlife and humans is increasingly debated, but has been rarely tested under environmentally relevant scenarios. To address this issue, two mixtures of 14 or 19 substances of concern (pesti ...

Oxford University Press2014

Effects of clofibric acid alone and in combination with 17 beta-estradiol on mRNA abundance in primary hepatocytes isolated from rainbow trout

Kristin Schirmer

Clofibric acid (CA) is the active substance of lipid lowering drugs. It is resistant to degradation, polar in nature, and has been found ubiquitously in the aquatic environment. Though CA is classified as a peroxisomal proliferator in rodents and is consid ...

Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd2014

Effect of TiO2 Nanoparticles and UV Radiation on Extracellular Enzyme Activity of Intact Heterotrophic Biofilms

Laura Sigg, Kristin Schirmer, Hannah Inka Schug

When introduced into the aquatic environment, TiO2 NP are likely to settle from the water column, which results in increased exposure of benthic communities. Here, we show that the activity of two extracellular enzymes of intact heterotrophic biofilms, bet ...

Amer Chemical Soc2014

Investigating Alternatives To The Fish Early-Life Stage Test: A Strategy For Discovering And Annotating Adverse Outcome Pathways For Early Fish Development

Kristin Schirmer

The fish early-life stage (FELS) test (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] test guideline 210) is the primary test used internationally to estimate chronic fish toxicity in support of ecological risk assessments and chemical manag ...

Wiley-Blackwell2014

Systems Toxicology Approach to Understand the Kinetics of Benzo(a)pyrene Uptake, Biotransformation, and DNA Adduct Formation in a Liver Cell Model

Kristin Schirmer

Cell-based models are important for deriving mechanistic information about stress response pathways that have evolved to protect cells from toxic insult, such as exposure to environmental pollutants. One determinant of the stress response is the amount of ...

Amer Chemical Soc2014

Importance of Toxicokinetics for lnterspecies Variation in Sensitivity to Chemicals

Kristin Schirmer

Interspecies variation in sensitivity to synthetic chemicals can be orders of magnitude large. Species traits causing the variation can be related to toxicokinetics (uptake, distribution, biotransformation, elimination) or toxicodynamics (interaction with ...

American Chemical Society2014

Endocrine Disrupting Compounds Affecting Corticosteroid Signaling Pathways in Czech and Swiss Waters: Potential Impact on Fish

Kristin Schirmer

This study investigated the occurrence of corticosteroid signaling disruptors in wastewaters and rivers in the Czech Republic and in Switzerland. 36 target compounds were detected using HPLC-MS/MS, with up to 6.4 mu g/L for azole antifungals that indirectl ...

Amer Chemical Soc2014

Chemical Aspects of Nanoparticle Ecotoxicology

Renata Behra, Laura Sigg, Yang Yue, Kristin Schirmer, Hannah Inka Schug

Nanoecotoxicology strives to understand the processes and mechanisms by which engineered nanoparticles (ENP) may exert toxic effects on aquatic organisms. Detailed knowledge of the chemical reactions of nanoparticles in the media and of their interactions ...

Swiss Chemical Soc2014

Measured and Modeled Toxicokinetics in Cultured Fish Cells and Application to In Vitro - In Vivo Toxicity Extrapolation

Julita Maria Stadnicka-Michalak, Kristin Schirmer

Effect concentrations in the toxicity assessment of chemicals with fish and fish cells are generally based on external exposure concentrations. External concentrations as dose metrics, may, however, hamper interpretation and extrapolation of toxicological ...

Public Library Science2014

Linking toxicity and adaptive responses across the transcriptome, proteome, and phenotype of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exposed to silver

Renata Behra, Laura Sigg, Kristin Schirmer

Understanding mechanistic and cellular events underlying a toxicological outcome allows the prediction of impact of environmental stressors to organisms living in different habitats. A systems-based approach aids in characterizing molecular events, and the ...

National Academy of Sciences2014

Abcb4 acts as multixenobiotic transporter and active barrier against chemical uptake in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos

Kristin Schirmer

Background: In mammals, ABCB1 constitutes a cellular "first line of defense" against a wide array of chemicals and drugs conferring cellular multidrug or multixenobiotic resistance (MDR/MXR). We tested the hypothesis that an ABCB1 ortholog serves as protec ...

Biomed Central Ltd2013

The Insecticide Imidacloprid Causes Mortality of the Freshwater Amphipod Gammarus pulex by Interfering with Feeding Behavior

Kristin Schirmer

If an organism does not feed, it dies of starvation. Even though some insecticides which are used to control pests in agriculture can interfere with feeding behavior of insects and other invertebrates, the link from chemical exposure via affected feeding a ...

Public Library Science2013

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