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Bruno Lemaitre

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Publications associées (128)

Infection-induced host translational blockage inhibits immune responses and epithelial renewal in the Drosophila gut

Bruno Lemaitre, Sveta Chakrabarti

Typically, immune responses control the pathogen, while repair and stress pathways limit damage caused by pathogenesis. The relative contribution of damage to the outcome of pathogenesis and the mechanistic links between the immune and repair pathways are ...

Cell Press2012

Spiroplasma and host immunity: activation of humoral immune responses increases endosymbiont load and susceptibility to certain Gram-negative bacterial pathogens in Drosophila melanogaster

Bruno Lemaitre, Jeremy Keith Herren

Spiroplasma poulsonii and its relatives are facultative, vertically transmitted endosymbionts harboured by several Drosophila species. Their long-term survival requires not only evasion of host immunity, but also that Spiroplasma does not have a net detrim ...

2011

Monalysin, a novel ß-pore-forming toxin from the Drosophila pathogen Pseudomonas entomophila, contributes to host intestinal damage and lethality

Françoise Gisou van der Goot Grunberg, Mircea Ioan Iacovache, Rodrigo Manuel Gonzalez, Bruno Lemaitre, Onya Opota

Pseudomonas entomophila is an entomopathogenic bacterium that infects and kills Drosophila. P. entomophila pathogenicity is linked to its ability to cause irreversible damages to the Drosophila gut, preventing epithelium renewal and repair. Here we report ...

2011

Negative Regulation by Amidase PGRPs Shapes the Drosophila Antibacterial Response and Protects the Fly from Innocuous Infection

Bruno Lemaitre, David Welchman, Juan Camilo Paredes Escobar

Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are key regulators of insect immune responses. In addition to recognition PGRPs, which activate the Toll and Imd pathways, the Drosophila genome encodes six catalytic PGRPs with the capacity to scavenge peptidogly ...

2011

Genetic evidence for a protective role of the peritrophic matrix against intestinal bacterial infection in Drosophila melanogaster

Bruno Lemaitre, Onya Opota, Olivier Binggeli, Takayuki Kuraishi

The peritrophic matrix (PM) forms a layer composed of chitin and glycoproteins that lines the insect intestinal lumen. This physical barrier plays a role analogous to that of mucous secretions of the vertebrate digestive tract and is thought to protect the ...

National Academy of Sciences2011

Drosophila immunity: analysis of PGRP-SB1 expression, enzymatic activity and function

Bruno Lemaitre, David Welchman, Juan Camilo Paredes Escobar

Peptidoglycan is an essential and specific component of the bacterial cell wall and therefore is an ideal recognition signature for the immune system. Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are conserved from insects to mammals and able to bind PGN (no ...

Public Library of Science2011

Mercury is a direct and potent γ-secretase inhibitor affecting Notch processing and development in Drosophila

Patrick Fraering, Bruno Lemaitre, Mitko Dimitrov, Takayuki Kuraishi, Isabelle Chang

Prenatal exposure to mercury causes neurodevelopmental disorders and neurological pathologies in infants, such as microcephaly and mental retardation. Despite critical importance, the molecular interactions leading to mercury toxicity are yet to be elucida ...

2011

Association of hemolytic activity of Pseudomonas entomophila, a versatile soil bacterium, with cyclic lipopeptide production

Bruno Lemaitre, Christoph Keel

Pseudomonas entomophila is an entomopathogenic bacterium that is able to infect and kill Drosophila melanogaster upon ingestion. Its genome sequence suggests that it is a versatile soil bacterium closely related to Pseudomonas putida. The GacS/GacA two-com ...

2010

Drosophila EGFR pathway coordinates stem cell proliferation and gut remodeling following infection

Bruno Lemaitre, Nichole Broderick, Takayuki Kuraishi

BACKGROUND: Gut homeostasis is central to whole organism health, and its disruption is associated with a broad range of pathologies. Following damage, complex physiological events are required in the gut to maintain proper homeostasis. Previously, we demon ...

BioMed Central2010

Insect immunity: from pattern recognition to symbiont-mediated host defense

Bruno Lemaitre, David Welchman

The Jacques Monod conference "Insect Immunity in Action: From Fundamental Mechanisms of Host Defense to Resistance Against Infections in Nature," organized by Ulrich Theopold (Stockholm University, Sweden) and Dominique Ferrandon (CNRS, France), was held i ...

2009

A non-redundant role for Drosophila Mkk4 and hemipterous/Mkk7 in TAK1-mediated activation of JNK

Bruno Lemaitre

BACKGROUND: The JNK pathway is a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway involved in the regulation of numerous physiological processes during development and in response to environmental stress. JNK activity is controlled by two MAPK kinases (MAPKK ...

Public Library of Science2009

Invasive and indigenous microbiota impact intestinal stem cell activity through multiple pathways in Drosophila

Bruno Lemaitre, Nichole Broderick, Sveta Chakrabarti

Gut homeostasis is controlled by both immune and developmental mechanisms, and its disruption can lead to inflammatory disorders or cancerous lesions of the intestine. While the impact of bacteria on the mucosal immune system is beginning to be precisely u ...

2009

Proteolytic cascade for the activation of the insect toll pathway induced by the fungal cell wall component

Bruno Lemaitre, Ji Won Park

The insect Toll signaling pathway is activated upon recognition of Gram-positive bacteria and fungi, resulting in the expression of antimicrobial peptides via NF-kappaB-like transcription factor. This activation is mediated by a serine protease cascade lea ...

American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology2009

Drosophila intestinal response to bacterial infection: activation of host defense and stem cell proliferation

Bruno Lemaitre, Nichole Broderick

Although Drosophila systemic immunity is extensively studied, little is known about the fly's intestine-specific responses to bacterial infection. Global gene expression analysis of Drosophila intestinal tissue to oral infection with the Gram-negative bact ...

2009

A single modular serine protease integrates signals from pattern-recognition receptors upstream of the Drosophila Toll pathway

Valentin Sottas, Bruno Lemaitre

The Drosophila Toll receptor does not interact directly with microbial determinants, but is instead activated by a cleaved form of the cytokine-like molecule Spätzle. During the immune response, Spätzle is processed by complex cascades of serine proteases, ...

National Academy of Sciences2009

Long-range activation of systemic immunity through peptidoglycan diffusion in Drosophila

Bruno Lemaitre, David Welchman

The systemic immune response of Drosophila is known to be induced both by septic injury and by oral infection with certain bacteria, and is characterized by the secretion of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) into the haemolymph. To investigate other possible r ...

2009

Genetic ablation of Drosophila phagocytes reveals their contribution to both development and resistance to bacterial infection

Bruno Lemaitre

Drosophila phagocytes participate in development and immune responses through their abilities to perform phagocytosis and/or secrete extra-cellular matrix components, antimicrobial peptides, clotting factors and signalling molecules. However, our knowledge ...

2009

Toll-like receptors--taking an evolutionary approach

Bruno Lemaitre

The Toll receptor was initially identified in Drosophila melanogaster for its role in embryonic development. Subsequently, D. melanogaster Toll and mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been recognized as key regulators of immune responses. After ten y ...

2008

Animal models for host-pathogen interactions

Bruno Lemaitre

Elsevier2008

Drosophila immunity: methods for monitoring the activity of Toll and Imd signaling pathways

Bruno Lemaitre

Invertebrates lack an adaptive immune system and rely on innate immunity to resist pathogens. The response of Drosophila melanogaster to bacterial and fungal infections involves two signaling pathways, Toll and Imd, both of which activate members of the nu ...

Humana Press2008

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