Publications de Marcelo Kallmann

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Performing 3D interactions with virtual objects easily becomes a complex task, limiting the implementation of larger applications. In order to overcome some of these limitations, the paper describes a framework where the virtual object aids the user to accomplish a pre-programmed possible interaction. Such objects are called Smart Objects, in the sense that they know how the user can interact with them, giving clues to aid the interaction. We show how such objects are constructed, and exemplify the framewor

We describe an approach to construct interactive virtual environments, which are suitable for the development of artificial virtual human life simulations. Our main goal is to have virtual human actors living and working autonomously in virtual environments. In our approach, virtual actors have their own motivations and needs, and by sensing and exploring their environment, an action selection mechanism is able to determine at anytime the suitable actions to take. We adapt basic actor motivations and needs

We present new techniques that use motion planning algorithms based on probabilistic roadmaps to control 22 degrees of freedom (DOFs) of human-like characters in interactive applications. Our main purpose is the automatic synthesis of collision-free reaching motions for both arms, with automatic column control and leg flexion. Generated motions are collision-free, in equilibrium, and respect articulation range limits. In order to deal with the high (22) dimension of our configuration space, we bias the rand

An integrated framework is proposed in which local perception and close manipulation skills are used in conjunction with a high-level behavioral interface based on a "smart object" paradigm as support for virtual agents to perform autonomous tasks. In our model, virtual "smart objects" encapsulate information about possible interactions with agents, including sub-tasks defined by scripts that the agent can perform. We then use Information provided by lowlevel sensing mechanisms (based on a simulated retina)

Presents a new architecture for simulating virtual humans in complex urban environments. The approach is based on the integration of six modules. Four key modules are used in order to manage environmental data, simulate human crowds, control interactions between virtual humans and objects, and generate tasks based on a rule-based behavioral model. The communication between these modules is made through a client/server system. Finally, all low-level virtual human actions are delegated to a single motion and

The paper shows a novel approach to model and control interactive objects for simulations with virtual human agents when real time interactivity is essential. A general conceptualization is made to model objects with behaviors that can provide: information about their functionality changes in appearance from parameterized deformations, and a complete plan for each possible interaction with a virtual human. Such behaviors are described with simple primitive commands, following the actual trend of many standa

The paper describes a system platform for virtual human agent simulations that is able to coherently manage the shared virtual environment. Our “agent common environment” (ACE) provides built-in commands for perception and for acting, while the in-between step of reasoning and behavior computation is defined through an external, extendible, and parameterized collection of behavioral plug-ins. Such plug-ins are of two types: the first type defines agent-object interactivity by using a feature mod

Real-time 3D graphics are being extensively used to build interactive virtual environments for a number of different applications. In many situations, virtual objects are required to exhibit complex behaviors, and the use of a versatile behavioral programming methodology is required. This paper presents a feature modeling approach to define behavioral information of virtual objects, giving special attention to their capabilities of interaction with virtual human actors. The proposed method is based on a com

This paper proposes a paradigm for specification of virtual human agents` level of autonomy. The idea we present in this paper aims at optimising the required complexity of agents in order to perform realistic simulations. The paradigm is based on the distribution of the required virtual human agent “intelligence” to other simulation entities like groups of agents, and objects

In most vehicle simulators, complete physical mockups equipped with steering wheel, gearshift and pedals are required. These devices are essential in trying to simulate real conditions, but as a drawback the system becomes expensive, huge (non mobile), and limited to reflect changes on the vehicle type, dimensions, or interior design. We have implemented different configurations for an immersive vehicle simulator, ranging from the use of a real mockup equipped with force-feedback steering wheel, gearshift a

Marcelo Kallmann

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Direct 3D interaction with Smart Objects

Towards real time virtual human life simulations

Planning collision-free reaching motions for interactive object manipulation and grasping

Defining behaviors for autonomous agents based on local perception and smart objects

A paradigm for controlling virtual humans in urban environment simulations

A behavioral interface to simulate agent-object interactions in real time

ACE: a platform for the real time simulation of virtual human agents

Modeling behaviors of interactive objects for real-time virtual environments

Level of autonomy for virtual human agents

Immersive vehicle simulators for prototyping, training and ergonomics

Object interaction in real-time virtual environments

Modeling Objects for Interaction Tasks

Programming Behaviors with Local Perception and Smart Objects: An Approach to Solve Autonomous Agent Tasks

A Common Environment for Simulating Virtual Human Agents in Real Time

Interaction Techniques with Virtual Humans in Mixed Environments

From Individual Human Agents to Crowds

Fully Dynamic Constrained Delaunay Triangulations

Star-Vertices: A Compact Representation for Planar Meshes with Adjacency Information

One Step Towards Virtual Human Management for Urban Environment Simulation

Virtual Humans' Behaviour: Individuals, Groups, and Crowds