Christos Comninellis

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The removal or breakdown of org. compds. from wastewater is an important and integral part of any industrial chem. process. Described here is the electrochem. treatment (or pretreatment prior to biol. treatment) of industrial wastewater (BASF wastewater) contg. ter-butanol, a difficult biodegradable compd. Expts. were 1st carried out using model wastewater systems followed by industrial wastewater samples provided by a BASF Polymer Dispersion prodn. plant in Ludwigshafen. The main results can be summarized

Under gas evolution, the current voltage characteristics of an electrochemical cell are strongly affected by the presence of growing bubbles. At high current densities, the evolution of the bubbles becomes the rate limiting step of the electrochemical proc ...

A simple method is proposed for the estn. of the current bypass from exptl. current potential (i-U) curves measured for a bipolar reactor and with a one element cell of similar geometry. The model is valid only in the region where a linear i-U relation was obtained. For the scale-up, a relation between the current bypass (y) and two dimensionless nos. (Gb and Bn) was derived. The y = Gb(Bn + 1) where Gb (Geometry no.) depends on the geometry and Bn (Bipolar no.) on the electrochem. parameters of the system.

The electrochemical degradation of saturated solutions of herbicides 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid, 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropionic acid and 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propionic acid in 1 M HClO4 on a boron-doped diamond (BDD) thin film anode ...

The method and app. for carrying out electrochem. promoted catalytic reactions, i.e., catalytic reactions where the catalytic rate and selectivity is modified by applying an elec. current or potential between the porous catalyst film which is deposited on ...

The electrochemical behavior of Pt/YSZ electrodes in oxygen containing atmosphere at 450 A degrees C has been investigated by double-step chronoamperometry and programmed linear sweep cyclic voltammetry. The response of the O-2(g),Pt/YSZ system in these ex ...

Secondary fly ash, resulting from thermal treatment processes, leads to a highly concd. chloride soln. with Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn as main heavy metals when dissolved in water. The selective electrodeposition of these heavy metals was studied. The goal was to recover, under potentiostatic conditions, each heavy metal with high purity, yield and reaction rates. By changing the parameters pH and overpotential, an optimum of the three requirements was looked for. In general, Cu, Pb and Cd could be sepd. with puriti

Electrochem. promotion (EP) of gas-phase catalysis with O2--conducting solid electrolytes is addressed. The behavior of the ref. electrode, prepd. by deposition of a gold film, was found to be quasi-reversible, 12O2/O2- being the potential detg. redox couple. A fairly sym. potential distribution in the electrochem. cell was calcd. The IR drop correction was shown to be negligible at low currents typical to EP expts. The electrochem. activation of catalysis is due to the act of promoters at the catalyst | ga

Electrochem. oxidn. of orgs. at thermally prepd. dimensionally stable metal oxide anodes (DSA) has been studied. In reactions involving only simple electron transfer, oxide electrodes exhibit an electrocatalytic activity similar to that of noble metal electrodes. In oxidn. reactions of more complex mechanism, oxide anodes show no electrocatalytic activity below the potential of oxygen evolution and oxidn. of orgs. can take place only under conditions of simultaneous oxygen evolution. A simplified mechanism

Performance degradation data obtained on single solid oxide fuel cells tested at 850°C with air and humidified H2 and using Ni-YSZ anode supported cells are presented. Microscopic investigation is carried out on both anode and cathode to quantify variation ...

The electrochem. oxidn. of EDTA was studied at boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry in the potential region of water stability showed that EDTA is oxidized in an irreversible 2-electron-transfer mechanism. No fouling phenomena were noticed on the electrode surface. At high anode potential, an oxidn. mechanism of EDTA involving hydroxyl radicals, formed during water discharge, was proposed. The model previously developed for org. oxidn. at nonactive anodes was successfully used in order t

The electrochem. oxidn. of 3-methylpyridine (3-MP) at synthetic boron-doped diamond (BDD) thin film electrode was studied in acid media by cyclic voltammetry and bulk electrolysis. The results showed that in the potential region of water stability there can occur direct electron transfer reactions on BDD surface that result in electrode fouling due to the formation of a polymeric film on its surface. While during electrolyzes in the potential region of water decompn., indirect oxidn. reactions can take plac

The concept of nonfaradaic electrochem. modification of catalytic activity (NEMCA) was applied for the in situ control of catalytic activity of a rhodium film deposited on YSZ (yttria stabilized zirconia) solid electrolyte towards redn. of 1000 ppm NO by 1000 ppm C3H6 in presence of excess (5000 ppm) O2 at 300 Deg. A temporary heating at this feed compn. results in a long-lasting deactivation of the catalyst under open circuit conditions due to partial oxidn. of the rhodium surface. Pos. current application

The surface redox activities, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the oxidation of formic acid (FA) and the anodic stability have been investigated and compared on IrO2 electrodes prepared by two techniques: the thermal decomposition of H2IrCl6 precursor ...

In this paper, the IrO2 electrode preparation technique consisting in thermal treatment of pure Ir in air was used in order to produce an IrO2-based microelectrode-array (TOIROF-MEA) with low capacitive background current. The TOIROF-MEA was characterized ...

However, its green production process is expensive, involving water electrolysis, which requires a significant amount of energy. New technologies have been developed to decrease the cost associated with water electrolysis, such as using microbial electroly ...

The mechanism of the oxygen redn. reaction (orr) was studied in alk. media at La0.6Ca0.4CoO3-activated carbon electrodes in a channel flow cell (CFC). The electrodes were made by depositing a mixt. of the perovskite (La0.6Ca0.4CoO3) powder as the catalyst, Vulcan XC 72 as the carbon, and Triton X-100 as the binder on Ti substrates. The collection efficiency, N, of the double-electrode system in the CFC was evaluated in advance using the ferro-ferricyanide couple. The results obtained for the orr show that t

In this process a carrier (Mn+) is electrochem. oxidized (or reduced) and then allowed to react with the org. compd. in a sep. vessel. When the reaction is complete a sepn. of product is made and the spent liquor is returned to the electrochem. cell where the carrier is regenerated. The loss of current efficiency (CE) using the Mn2+/Mn3+ system in 88% H2SO4 was due to the oxidn. of the org. compd. (mainly to CO2) carried over with the electrolyte back to the cell. The study was extended to 50% H2SO4 and a s

Thin boron-doped diamond films were prepd. by HF CVD (hot filament chem. vapor deposition technique) on conductive p-Si substrate (Si/diamond). The morphol. of these Si/diamond electrodes was investigated by SEM and Raman spectroscopy. The electrochem. behavior of the Si/diamond electrodes in 1 M H2SO4 and in 1 M H2SO4 + carboxylic acids was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. Finally, the electrochem. oxidn. of some simple carboxylic acids (acetic, formic, oxalic) was investigated by bulk electrolysis. The

Among the numerous base metals tested for DSA type electrodes (e.g., titanium and its alloys, zirconium, niobium etc.), tantalum is a potentially excellent substrate owing to its good elec. cond. and corrosion resistance, and the favorable dielec. properties of its oxide. Nevertheless, a DSA type electrode fabricated on a tantalum substrate would be very expensive due to the high cost of the metal. To prep. an anode combining the excellent properties of tantalum at reasonable price, a new material was devel

Christos Comninellis

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Electrochemical treatment of industrial wastewater

Bubble evolution on a vertical electrode under extreme current densities

Estimation of current bypass in a bipolar electrode stack

Electrochemical incineration of chloromethylphyenoxy herbicides in acid medium by anodic oxidation with boron-doped diamond electrodes

Method and apparatus for carrying out electrochemically promoted reactions

Charge storage at the Pt/YSZ interface

Recovery of Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn from synthetic mixture by selective electrodeposition in chloride solution

Transient behavior of electrochemical promotion of gas-phase catalytic reactions

Anodic oxidation of organics on thermally prepared oxide electrodes

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Degradation Mechanisms in SOFC Electrodes

Electrochemical oxidation of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on BDD electrodes: Application to wastewater treatment

Electrochemical oxidation of 3-methylpyridine at a boron-doped diamond electrode: application to electroorganic synthesis and wastewater treatment

Electrochemical promotion of Rh catalyst in gas-phase reduction of NO by propylene

Electrochemical comparison between IrO2 prepared by thermal treatment of iridium metal and IrO2 prepared by thermal decomposition of H2IrCl6 solution

Microelectrode-array of IrO2 prepared by thermal treatment of pure Ir

Cuprous oxide-Shewanella mediated photolytic hydrogen evolution

Mechanistic studies of oxygen reduction at La0.6Ca0.4CoO3-activated carbon electrodes in a channel flow cell

Current efficiency losses in indirect electrochemical processing

Oxidation of carboxylic acids at boron-doped diamond electrodes for wastewater treatment

Preparation of oxygen evolving electrodes with long service life under extreme conditions