LeadershipLe leadership ou primauté est l' politique, psychologique, sociale, etc. d'un individu sur un groupe d'individus ou d'un groupe d'individus sur un autre groupe. Le leader a des compétences personnelles qui lui confèrent une différence et qui lui permettent d'être écouté et suivi par un groupe de personnes. Leadership vient de l'anglais leader, le meneur et non le chef, désigné par ses pairs, d'un parti politique en Grande-Bretagne, et du suffixe -ship. D'une manière générale, il peut être défini comme .
Leadership studiesLeadership studies is a multidisciplinary academic field of study that focuses on leadership in organizational contexts and in human life. Leadership studies has origins in the social sciences (e.g., sociology, anthropology, psychology), in humanities (e.g., history and philosophy), as well as in professional and applied fields of study (e.g., management and education). The field of leadership studies is closely linked to the field of organizational studies.
Leadership styleA leadership style is a leader's method of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people. Various authors have proposed identifying many different leadership styles as exhibited by leaders in the political, business or other fields. Studies on leadership style are conducted in the military field, expressing an approach that stresses a holistic view of leadership, including how a leader's physical presence determines how others perceive that leader.
Trait leadershipTrait leadership is defined as integrated patterns of personal characteristics that reflect a range of individual differences and foster consistent leader effectiveness across a variety of group and organizational situations (Zaccaro, Kemp, & Bader, 2004; Zaccaro 2007). The theory of trait leadership is developed from early leadership research which focused primarily on finding a group of heritable attributes that differentiate leaders from nonleaders.
Transformational leadershipTransformational leadership is a theory of leadership where a leader works with teams or followers beyond their immediate self-interests to identify needed change, creating a vision to guide the change through influence, inspiration, and executing the change in tandem with committed members of a group; This change in self-interests elevates the follower's levels of maturity and ideals, as well as their concerns for the achievement. it is an integral part of the Full Range Leadership Model.
Créativitéthumb|Créativité artistique, scientifique, technologique, organisationnelle, etc. se combinent dans ce tableau montrant l'exhumation des restes d'un Mastodonte. Toile de Charles Willson Peale, 1806. La créativité est, , la capacité d'un individu à imaginer et mettre en œuvre un concept neuf, un objet nouveau ou à découvrir une solution originale à un problème.
Creativity techniquesCreativity techniques are methods that encourage creative actions, whether in the arts or sciences. They focus on a variety of aspects of creativity, including techniques for idea generation and divergent thinking, methods of re-framing problems, changes in the affective environment and so on. They can be used as part of problem solving, artistic expression, or therapy. Some techniques require groups of two or more people while other techniques can be accomplished alone.
