Séance de cours

Josephson Junctions: Théorie et applications

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Dans cours

PHYS-464: Solid state systems for quantum information

This course will give an overview of the experimental state of the art of quantum technology for Quantum Information Processing (QIP). We will explore some of the most promising approaches for realizing quantum hardware and critically assess each approach' ...

Description

Cette séance de cours couvre le contexte théorique et les applications pratiques des jonctions de Josephson, en mettant l'accent sur les effets de Josephson, la relation de phase de courant non linéaire et l'énergie de Josephson. Il explique le processus de fabrication des jonctions du tunnel Josephson, le courant critique et le couplage avec des champs extérieurs. La séance de cours traite également de l'effet AC Josephson, du DC SQUID, de la thonabilité en fréquence qubit et des niveaux d'énergie de la Cooper Pair Box. Il se décline en la PCB fractionnée, les niveaux d'énergie en charge et la base de phase, et la thonabilité de l'énergie de Josephson. La présentation se termine par une analyse détaillée de la boîte de la paire Cooper, y compris la configuration du circuit, la quantification de l'énergie, et l'impact de la tension de porte sur d'autres paires Cooper.

Enseignant·e

Pasquale Scarlino

I obtained my master's degree in Physics at the University of Salento, Lecce (Italy) in February 2011. During 2006-2011, I have also been a student of Scuola Superiore ISUFI (SSI). SSI is one of six schools of excellence established in Italy to develop the intellectual capital in technological and social sciences. I conducted an external Master thesis project during an 8 months internship in the Quantum Transport Group at TU Delft, under the supervision of Prof. L.M.K. Vandersypen. There, I implemented the Quantum Point Contact Radio-Frequency Reflectometry technique, which allows increasing the single-shot electron spin readout bandwidth and is currently routinely used in the group.I obtained my Ph.D. degree in February 2016, in the Spin Qubits group of Prof. L.M.K. Vandersypen at the Kavli Institute of Nanoscience-Qutech (TU Delft). During my Ph.D. I have been leading the Si/SiGe spin qubits project, collaborating with the M. Eriksson Group at Wisconsin University. In parallel, I have been working on other different projects, in particular with GaAs depletion quantum dots, high impedance superconducting resonators, and surface acoustic wave resonators. I have been working as a Postdoc fellow in the group of Prof. A. Wallraff (Quantum Device Lab) at ETH Zurich. My main project, in collaboration with the group of Prof. K. Ensslin and Prof. T. Ihn, consisted in integrating semiconductor and superconductor technologies. Realizing a well-controlled interface between the semiconductor and superconductor-based quantum information technologies may allow harnessing the best of both device architectures, for example by providing an interface between strongly coupled charge state and high coherence spin states. Furthermore, it enables the possibility to explore light/matter hybridization in a class of solid-state systems and regimes that are new in the context of quantum optics.From June 2019 till September 2020, I have been a Senior Researcher at Microsoft Station Q Copenhagen and at the Center for Quantum Devices in Copenhagen, focusing on developing semiconductor-superconducting hybrid hardware for topologically protected quantum computation.Since October 2020, I am a tenure track Assistant Professor of Physics in the School of Basic Sciences at the EPFL where I founded the Hybrid Quantum Circuit (HQC) laboratory.

Source officielle

Proximité ontologique

Informatique théorique

Theory of computation: Informatique quantique

Concepts associés (32)

Superconducting quantum computing

Superconducting quantum computing is a branch of solid state quantum computing that implements superconducting electronic circuits using superconducting qubits as artificial atoms, or quantum dots. For superconducting qubits, the two logic states are the ground state and the excited state, denoted respectively. Research in superconducting quantum computing is conducted by companies such as Google, IBM, IMEC, BBN Technologies, Rigetti, and Intel. Many recently developed QPUs (quantum processing units, or quantum chips) utilize superconducting architecture.

Effet Josephson

En physique, l’effet Josephson se manifeste par l'apparition d'un courant entre deux matériaux supraconducteurs séparés par une couche faite d'un matériau isolant ou métallique non supraconducteur. Dans le premier cas, on parle de « jonction Josephson S-I-S » (supraconducteur-isolant-supraconducteur) et dans le second de « jonction S-M-S ». On distingue deux types d'effets Josephson, l'effet Josephson « continu » (D.C. Josephson effect en anglais) et l'effet Josephson « alternatif » (A.C. Josephson effect).

Flux qubit

In quantum computing, more specifically in superconducting quantum computing, flux qubits (also known as persistent current qubits) are micrometer sized loops of superconducting metal that is interrupted by a number of Josephson junctions. These devices function as quantum bits. The flux qubit was first proposed by Terry P. Orlando et al. at MIT in 1999 and fabricated shortly thereafter. During fabrication, the Josephson junction parameters are engineered so that a persistent current will flow continuously when an external magnetic flux is applied.

Phase qubit

In quantum computing, and more specifically in superconducting quantum computing, the phase qubit is a superconducting device based on the superconductor–insulator–superconductor (SIS) Josephson junction, designed to operate as a quantum bit, or qubit. The phase qubit is closely related, yet distinct from, the flux qubit and the charge qubit, which are also quantum bits implemented by superconducting devices.

Charge qubit

In quantum computing, a charge qubit (also known as Cooper-pair box) is a qubit whose basis states are charge states (i.e. states which represent the presence or absence of excess Cooper pairs in the island). In superconducting quantum computing, a charge qubit is formed by a tiny superconducting island coupled by a Josephson junction (or practically, superconducting tunnel junction) to a superconducting reservoir (see figure). The state of the qubit is determined by the number of Cooper pairs that have tunneled across the junction.

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Concepts associés (32)

Superconducting quantum computing