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Concept

Panache (géologie)

Publications associées (26)

Turbulence in the Strongly Heterogeneous Near-Surface Boundary Layer over Patchy Snow

Michael Lehning, Dylan Stewart Reynolds, Michael Haugeneder

The near-surface boundary layer above patchy snow cover in mountainous terrain is characterized by a highly complex interplay of various flows on multiple scales. In this study, we present data from a comprehensive field campaign that cover a period of 21 ...

2024

New tools for phase segmentation and denoising of analytical STEM data for enhanced chemical sensitivity, applied to Earth mantle research

Hui Chen, Hui Chen

This thesis is dedicated to developing innovative methodologies that improve elemental quantification in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). The primary motivation stems from a geochemistry pr ...

EPFL2023

Quench experiments on sub-size HTS Cable-In-Conduit Conductors for fusion applications: Data analysis and model validation

Pierluigi Bruzzone, Kamil Sedlák, Boris Stepanov, Ortensia Dicuonzo

The recent experimental campaign, carried out in the upgraded SULTAN facility and supported by EUROfusion, investigated quench propagation in high field, sub-size HTS Cable-In-Conduit Conductors. The available experimental data consist of voltage, jacket a ...

ELSEVIER SCI LTD2023

Density currents driven by differential cooling in lakes: occurrence, dynamics and implications for littoral-pelagic exchange

Tomy Doda

Cross-shore flows exchange water laterally in lakes, with ecological implications for the ecosystem. One example is the convective circulation induced by differential cooling, also known as the thermal siphon. This lateral flow forms when the sloping sides ...

EPFL2022

The Effects of Planetary and Stellar Parameters on Brittle Lithospheric Thickness

Marie Estelle Solange Violay, Michael Heap

The thicknesss of the brittle lithosphere—the outer portion of a planetary body that fails via fracturing— plays a key role in the geological processes of that body. The properties of both a planet and its host star can influence that thickness, and the po ...

2021

Composition and Pressure Effects on Partitioning of Ferrous Iron in Iron-Rich Lower Mantle Heterogeneities

Marco Cantoni, Philippe Gillet, James Badro, Farhang Nabiei, Susannah McGregor Dorfman, Charles-Edouard Boukaré

Both seismic observations of dense low shear velocity regions and models of magma ocean crystallization and mantle dynamics support enrichment of iron in Earth’s lowermost mantle. Physical properties of iron-rich lower mantle heterogeneities in the modern ...

2021

Investigating Magma Ocean Solidification on Earth Through Laser‐Heated Diamond Anvil Cell Experiments

Cécile Hébert, Marco Cantoni, Philippe Gillet, James Badro, Farhang Nabiei, Charles-Edouard Boukaré

We carried out a series of silicate fractional crystallization experiments at lower mantle pressures using the laser-heated diamond anvil cell. Phase relations and the compositional evolution of the cotectic melt and equilibrium solids along the liquid lin ...

2021

Effects of composition and pressure on electronic states of iron in bridgmanite

Philippe Gillet, Arnaud Magrez, Susannah McGregor Dorfman

Electronic states of iron in the lower mantle's dominant mineral, (Mg,Fe,Al)(Fe,Al,Si)O-3 bridgmanite, control physical properties of the mantle including density, elasticity, and electrical and thermal conductivity. However, the determination of electroni ...

MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER2020

Blocked radiative heat transport in the hot pyrolitic lower mantle

James Badro, Farhang Nabiei, Hélène Marie Piet

The heat flux across the core-mantle boundary (Q(CMB)) is the key parameter to understand the Earth's thermal history and evolution. Mineralogical constraints of the Q(CMB) require deciphering contributions of the lattice and radiative components to the th ...

ELSEVIER2020

LMDZ6A: The Atmospheric Component of the IPSL Climate Model With Improved and Better Tuned Physics

Etienne Gabriel Henri Vignon

This study presents the version of the LMDZ global atmospheric model used as the atmospheric component of the Institut Pierre Simon Laplace coupled model (IPSL-CM6A-LR) to contribute to the 6th phase of the international Coupled Model Intercomparison Proje ...

2020

Three-dimensional radiative transfer effects on airborne and ground-based trace gas remote sensing

Alexis Berne

Air mass factors (AMFs) are used in passive trace gas remote sensing for converting slant column densities (SCDs) to vertical column densities (VCDs). AMFs are traditionally computed with 1D radiative transfer models assuming horizontally homogeneous condi ...

2020

Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Investigation of Molten Fe-Si-O in Earth's Core

James Badro

Silicon and oxygen are potential light elements in Earth's core because their stronger affinity to metal observed with increasing temperature posits that significant amounts of both can be incorporated into the core. It was proposed that an Fe-Si-O liquid ...

AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION2019

Differential Heating Drives Downslope Flows that Accelerate Mixed-LayerWarming in Ice-Covered Waters

Alfred Johny Wüest, Damien Bouffard, Hugo Nicolás Ulloa Sánchez

In ice-covered lakes, penetrative radiation warms fluid beneath a diffusive boundary layer, thereby increasing its density and providing energy for convection in a diurnally active, deepening mixed layer. Shallow regions are differentially heated to warmer ...

2019

Full-scale testing of stiffened extended shear tab connections under combined axial and shear forces

Dimitrios Lignos

Owing to the lack of a comprehensive published procedure for the design of stiffened extended shear tabs, practicing engineers usually follow design guides for unstiffened shear tabs. The results of recent laboratory experiments and numerical analyses have ...

2019

Investigating Earth's Formation History Through Copper and Sulfur Metal-Silicate Partitioning During Core-Mantle Differentiation

James Badro

Identifying extant materials that act as compositional proxies for Earth is key to understanding its accretion. Copper and sulfur are both moderately volatile elements; however, they display different geochemical behavior (e.g., phase affinities). Thus, in ...

AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION2018

Effects of the Anisotropy of the Fault Zone Permeability on the Timing of Triggered Earthquakes: Insights from 3D-Coupled Fluid Flow and Geomechanical Deformation Modeling

Claudia Maria Colciago

In the last years, numerous seismological evidences have shown a strict correlation between fluid injection and seismicity. An important topic that is currently under discussion in the scientific community concerns the prediction of the earthquake magnitud ...

SPRINGER BASEL AG2018

The importance of mantle wedge heterogeneity to subduction zone magmatism and the origin of EM1

Stéphane Laurent Escrig

The composition of the convecting asthenospheric mantle that feeds the mantle wedge can be investigated via rear-arc lavas that have minimal slab influence. This "ambient mantle wedge" composition (the composition of the wedge prior to the addition of a sl ...

Elsevier2017

From 2D to 3D Characterization of Materials Subjected to Extreme Pressure and Temperature Conditions

Farhang Nabiei

Planetesimal were the first planetary objects to form in the solar system, which later grew to make the proto-planets. Most of these bodies were differentiated as a result of internal heating. Several differentiated bodies have, then, been accreted followi ...

EPFL2017

From rock to magma and back again: The evolution of temperature and deformation mechanism in conduit margin zones

Marie Estelle Solange Violay, Michael Heap

Explosive silicic volcanism is driven by gas overpressure in systems that are inefficient at outgassing. The zone at the margin of a volcanic conduit-thought to play an important role in the outgassing of magma and therefore pore pressure changes and explo ...

Elsevier2017

Porosity evolution at the brittle-ductile transition in the continental crust: Implications for deep hydro-geothermal circulation

Marie Estelle Solange Violay, Mateo Alejandro Acosta, Michael Heap

Recently, projects have been proposed to engineer deep geothermal reservoirs in the ductile crust. To examine their feasibility, we performed high-temperature (up to 1000 degrees C), high-pressure (130 MPa) triaxial experiments on granite (initially-intact ...

Springer Nature2017