Catégorie

Compilateur

En informatique, un compilateur est un programme qui transforme un code source en un code objet. Généralement, le code source est écrit dans un langage de programmation (le langage source), il est de haut niveau d'abstraction, et facilement compréhensible par l'humain. Le code objet est généralement écrit en langage de plus bas niveau (appelé langage cible), par exemple un langage d'assemblage ou langage machine, afin de créer un programme exécutable par une machine. Un compilateur effectue les opérations suivantes : analyse lexicale, pré-traitement (préprocesseur), analyse syntaxique (parsing), analyse sémantique, et génération de code optimisé. La compilation est souvent suivie d'une étape d’édition des liens, pour générer un fichier exécutable. Quand le programme compilé (code objet) est exécuté sur un ordinateur dont le processeur ou le système d'exploitation est différent de celui du compilateur, on parle de compilation croisée. On distingue deux options de compilation : Ahead-of-time (AOT), où il faut compiler le programme avant de lancer l'application : c'est la situation traditionnelle. Compilation à la volée (just-in-time, en abrégé JIT) : cette faculté est apparue dans les (par exemple avec Tcl/Tk). Fichier:Code C.png|Un [[Programme informatique|programme source]] en [[C (langage)|langage C]] Fichier:Assem.png|le code d'[[Assembleur|assemblage]] correspondant Fichier:Binary file - hello world (C programming).png|le programme après la compilation - [[langage machine]] affiché en [[Système hexadécimal|hexadécimal]] Les logiciels des premiers ordinateurs étaient écrits en langage assembleur. Les langages de programmation de plus haut niveau (dans les couches d'abstraction) n'ont été inventés que lorsque les avantages apportés par la possibilité de réutiliser le logiciel sur différents types de processeurs sont devenus plus importants que le coût de l'écriture d'un compilateur. La capacité de mémoire très limitée des premiers ordinateurs a également posé plusieurs problèmes techniques dans le développement des compilateurs.

Ontologie

Source officielle

Graph Chat

Chattez avec Graph Search

Posez n’importe quelle question sur les cours, conférences, exercices, recherches, actualités, etc. de l’EPFL ou essayez les exemples de questions ci-dessous.

AVERTISSEMENT : Le chatbot Graph n'est pas programmé pour fournir des réponses explicites ou catégoriques à vos questions. Il transforme plutôt vos questions en demandes API qui sont distribuées aux différents services informatiques officiellement administrés par l'EPFL. Son but est uniquement de collecter et de recommander des références pertinentes à des contenus que vous pouvez explorer pour vous aider à répondre à vos questions.

Exercices associés (4)

Boucler la boucle

A stuntwoman attempts to drive her car weighing mg around a vertical looping track of radius R. She enters the track at point P with velocity V⃗_(P) and we assume that she then free-wheels around the track without either braking or accelerating. There is no friction.

Write the car’s equations of motion for the entire loop.
Express the car’s mechanical energy at all points of the loop, and show that the mechanical energy is a simple integral of the motion.
Compute the reaction force from t

Point sur un cylindre

A material point moves on an infinitely long cylinder of radius R. The material point is attracted to a point O on the cylinder’s axes by a force that’s proportional to the distance between the material point and O. There is neither gravity nor friction.

List the forces acting on the material point. Draw these forces on a diagram, as well as the frame of reference associated with the chosen coordinate system.
Write the equations of motion and project them on the frame of reference.

Forces de frottement

A sports car is driving around a circular track of radius R with a horizontal velocity of constant norm v. The track is on an incline with angle α from the the horizontal, such that the car is tilted inwards. The static friction coefficient between the tires and the track is μ.

Draw a diagram, considering the vertical plane perpendicular to the car’s velocity and represent all forces acting on the car.
What’s the condition on v for the car not to drift outwards ?

Numerical application: $g=10\

Excitation d un oscillateur harmonique vertical

A mass m is suspended on a spring of natural length l₀ and of elastic constant k. The spring is attached to a piston. The vertical motion of the piston is described by the equation s(t)u2004=u2004s₀cosu2006(ωt)xa0.

Give explicit expressions for the external forces and determine the equation of motion.
Show that the equation of motion can be recast as, $\ddot{x}\left(t\right) + c_1\,x\left(t\right) = c_1\,s\left(t\right)\ ,$ where x(t)u2004=u2004z(t)u2005+u2005c₂ with z(t) the vertica

Notebooks associés (6)

Block Processing of Audio Files Using Stateful FIR Filters

Block-processing of audio files[1]¶

                                      [2]Paolo Prandoni, [3]LCAV, EPFL

This notebook shows a simple way to process audio files (in WAV format) in a block-by-block fashion; this is useful in two cases 1. when you want to process a data stream in real time but you can accept a small processing delay; in this case a buffered approach can yield computational gains 2. when you need to process a large file that does not fit entirely into

Exploring Quantization and Oversampling through One-Bit Music

One-Bit Music[1]¶ In this notebook we will talk about quantization and oversampling and we will do so by taking a trip down memory lane to revisit the early from monophonic square waves, introduce polyphony by way of pulse-width modulation and finish with the basics of sigma-delta quantization. pacman In [1]: import matplotlib import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np import scipy.signal as sp from scipy.io import wavfile import IPython In [2]: import sys ! wget -q -O mus

Fairness Week 2: COMPAS and Fairness in Machine Learning – Solutions

Fairness Week 2: Predicting recidivism¶{.anchor-link} {#Fairness-Week-2:-Predicting-recidivism}

How to use this notebook Simply read the text and follow the instructions.
This notebook contains code cells, which can be modified and must be executed to see the result of their content.
To execute a cell, select it and click on the play button (▶) in the tool bar, or type Shift + Enter or Ctr + Enter. As the variables contained in a cell are stor

Safety Week 2: Content Recommendation – Solutions

{#Introduction} You are a software engineer working on Memeverse, an application where people can share and explore memes. Memes are cultural ideas, jokes, or trends that rely on humor, relatability, or commentary on current events, which make them spread rapidly online. They can take various forms such as images, videos, or short texts. Memeverse is specialized in images. Memeverse includes a smart recommendation system that personalizes the

Exercices associés (4)

Boucler la boucle

Write the car’s equations of motion for the entire loop.
Express the car’s mechanical energy at all points of the loop, and show that the mechanical energy is a simple integral of the motion.
Compute the reaction force from t

Point sur un cylindre

List the forces acting on the material point. Draw these forces on a diagram, as well as the frame of reference associated with the chosen coordinate system.
Write the equations of motion and project them on the frame of reference.

Forces de frottement

Draw a diagram, considering the vertical plane perpendicular to the car’s velocity and represent all forces acting on the car.
What’s the condition on v for the car not to drift outwards ?

Numerical application: $g=10\

Excitation d un oscillateur harmonique vertical

Give explicit expressions for the external forces and determine the equation of motion.
Show that the equation of motion can be recast as, $\ddot{x}\left(t\right) + c_1\,x\left(t\right) = c_1\,s\left(t\right)\ ,$ where x(t)u2004=u2004z(t)u2005+u2005c₂ with z(t) the vertica

Voice Transformation Techniques Using Digital Signal Processing

A Gallery of Voice Transformers[1]¶

                                      [2]Paolo Prandoni, [3]LCAV, EPFL

In this notebook we will explore various ways to implement a system that changes the voice of a speaker. Typical applications for these techniques, strictly sorted by plausibility, include international spy missions and prank telephone calls, and devices such as the one displayed here can be easily bought on the web... or in a novelty shop. No description has been provided for t

Compilateur

Chattez avec Graph Search

Fairness Week 2: Predicting recidivism¶{.anchor-link} {#Fairness-Week-2:-Predicting-recidivism}

Fairness Week 2: Predicting recidivism¶{.anchor-link} {#Fairness-Week-2:-Predicting-recidivism}

Automatic Layout of Railroad Diagrams

An MLIR-Based Compilation Framework for Control Flow Management on Coarse Grained Reconfigurable Arrays

CLower: Detecting Compiler Pessimization Bugs through Redundant Memory Accesses