Decorated graphene oxide flakes with integrated complex of 8-hydroxyquinoline/NiO toward accurate detection of glucose at physiological conditions

The dramatic increase in the number of diabetic people raised the requirement for developing practical diagnostic setups capable of rapid and precise detection of glucose molecules at physiological conditions through non-enzymatic approaches. To address this requirement, we have developed a highly stable and sensitive nonenzymatic glucose biosensor consisted of decorated graphene oxide (GO) with an integrated platform of nickel oxide, 8-hydroxyquinoline (8H) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) (GO-NiO-8H-NHS) that enables the detection of glucose at neutral pH values. The optimum platform showed a perfect detection limit (DL) and sensitivity of 41 nM and 712.5 mu A.mM-1.cm-2, respectively, via amperometric technique, while these values for voltammetric approaches were measured to be 63 nM and 4911.4 mu A.mM-1.cm-2, respectively, at physiological conditions. Correspondingly, the developed platform showed superior sensitivity and accuracy toward detecting glucose within actual blood plasma samples and kept 94% of its initial performance after 30 days. Obtained outcomes revealed the fantastic DL and sensitivity of the developed non-enzymatic biosensors toward detecting glucose in actual biological samples at physiological conditions without using hazardous alkaline solutions.