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Ammonia-assisted vapour transport deposition of formamidinium salts for perovskite thin films

Christophe Ballif
2021
Working Papers

Abstract

Formamidinium (FA) cations commonly used in perovskite semiconductors tend to form sym-triazine when sublimed in vacuum, a process that hampers the deposition process. Here we find that ammonia, when used as a carrier gas for formamidinium halides transport, cleaves the sym-triazine ring back to formamidinium, hence enhancing the deposition efficiency.

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Christophe Ballif
2021
Working Papers

Abstract

Official source

Related concepts (25)

Perovskite solar cell

A perovskite solar cell (PSC) is a type of solar cell that includes a perovskite-structured compound, most commonly a hybrid organic–inorganic lead or tin halide-based material as the light-harvesting active layer. Perovskite materials, such as methylammonium lead halides and all-inorganic cesium lead halide, are cheap to produce and simple to manufacture. Solar-cell efficiencies of laboratory-scale devices using these materials have increased from 3.8% in 2009 to 25.

Thin-film solar cell

Thin-film solar cells are made by depositing one or more thin layers (thin films or TFs) of photovoltaic material onto a substrate, such as glass, plastic or metal. Thin-film solar cells are typically a few nanometers (nm) to a few microns (μm) thick–much thinner than the wafers used in conventional crystalline silicon (c-Si) based solar cells, which can be up to 200 μm thick. Thin-film solar cells are commercially used in several technologies, including cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS), and amorphous thin-film silicon (a-Si, TF-Si).

Solar cell

A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electronic device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect, which is a physical phenomenon. It is a form of photoelectric cell, defined as a device whose electrical characteristics, such as current, voltage, or resistance, vary when exposed to light. Individual solar cell devices are often the electrical building blocks of photovoltaic modules, known colloquially as solar panels.

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Ammonia-assisted vapour transport deposition of formamidinium salts for perovskite thin films

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