Theoretical prediction of the homogeneous ice nucleation rate: disentangling thermodynamics and kinetics

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A measurement of the top quark pair (tt¯) production cross section in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV is presented. The data were collected at the LHC in autumn 2017, in dedicated runs with low-energy and low-intensity condi ...

Heterogeneous ice nucleation is a ubiquitous process in the natural and built environment. Deposition ice nucleation, i.e. heterogeneous ice nucleation that - according to the traditional view - occurs in a subsaturated water vapor environment and in the a ...

The representation of Arctic clouds and their phase distributions, i.e., the amount of ice and supercooled water, influences predictions of future Arctic warming. Therefore, it is essential that cloud phase is correctly captured by models in order to accur ...

The prospects are presented for precise measurements of the branching ratios of the purely leptonic Bc+ → τ+ντ and B+ → τ+ντ decays at the Future Circular Collider (FCC). This work is focused on the hadronic τ(+) → π(+)π(+)π(-) nu(tau) decay in both Bc+ → ...

The Arctic is sensitive to cloud radiative forcing. Due to the limited number of aerosols present throughout much of the year, cloud formation is susceptible to the presence of cloud condensation nuclei and ice nucleating particles (INPs). Primary biologic ...

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) has demonstrated great capabilities to quantify tissue microstructure using biophysical diffusion models. Over the years, various gradient sequences have been proposed to provide sensitivity and specificity to va ...

Simulations of high-density deuterium plasmas in a lower single-null magnetic configuration based on a TCV discharge are presented. We evolve the dynamics of three charged species (electrons, D+ and D2+ ), interacting with two neutrals species ( D and D2 ) ...

Base excision repair enzymes (BERs) detect and repair oxidative DNA damage with efficacy despite the small size of the defects and their often only minor structural impact. A charge transfer (CT) model for rapid scanning of DNA stretches has been evoked to ...

Snowfall is an essential component of the hydrological cycle, as it is involved in most precipitation on Earth, either directly as snow falling to the ground or indirectly as rain melted from snow. At the same time, the ice phase of clouds and precipitatio ...

Water can be vitrified if it is cooled at high rates, which makes it possible to outrun crystallization in so-called no man’s land, a range of deeply supercooled temperatures where water crystallizes rapidly. Here, we study the reverse process in pure wate ...

This dataset contains CCN concentrations at five supersaturation levels, averaged to 1 min time resolution, measured during the year-long Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition from October 2019 to Septem ...

Diode effects are of great interest for both fundamental physics and modern technologies. Electrical diode effects (nonreciprocal transport) have been observed in Weyl systems. Optical diode effects arising from the Weyl fermions have been theoretically co ...

We present a numerical model for the approximation of multiphase flows with free surfaces and strong interfacial effects. The model relies on the multiphase incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, and includes surface tension effects on the interfaces betw ...

Barocaloric (BC) materials provide cheaper and more energy efficient alternatives to traditional refrigerants. Some liquid alkanes were recently shown to exhibit a colossal BC effect, matching the entropy changes in commercial vapour-liquid refrigerants. D ...

The main nucleating vapor in the atmosphere is thought to be sulfuric acid (H2SO4), stabilized by ammonia (NH3). However, in marine and polar regions, NH3 is generally low, and H2SO4 is frequently found together with iodine oxoacids [HIOx, i.e., iodic acid ...

The amount of ice versus supercooled water in clouds is important for their radiative properties and role in climate feedbacks. Hence, knowledge of the concentration of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) is needed. Generally, the concentrations of INPs are fo ...

The Arctic is warming faster than anywhere else on Earth, prompting glacial melt, permafrost thaw, and sea ice decline. These severe consequences induce feedbacks that contribute to amplified warming, affecting weather and climate globally. Aerosols and cl ...

Detailed knowledge of the physical and chemical properties and sources of particles that form clouds is especially important in pristine areas like the Arctic, where particle concentrations are often low and observations are sparse. Here, we present in sit ...

Heterogeneous ice nucleation impacts the hydrological cycle and climate through affecting cloud microphysical state and radiative properties. Despite decades of research, a quantitative description and understanding of heterogeneous ice nucleation remains ...

The electronic structure of surfaces plays a key role in the properties of quantum devices. However, surfaces are also the most challenging to simulate and engineer. Here, the electronic structure of InAs(001), InAs(111), and InSb(110) surfaces is studied ...

Theoretical prediction of the homogeneous ice nucleation rate: disentangling thermodynamics and kinetics

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Electronic Structure of InAs and InSb Surfaces: Density Functional Theory and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy