Moment-based, self-consistent linear analysis of gyrotron oscillators

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Gyrotrons are a class of high-power vacuum-electronics microwave sources, which are envisioned to play an important role in the domain of magnetically confined fusion plasmas. Indeed, only gyrotrons are capable of producing continuous electromagnetic waves ...

We report on the initial validation of the novel code FENNECS, which simulates the spontaneous formation of trapped electron clouds in coaxial geometries with strong externally applied azimuthal flows and in the presence of a residual neutral gas. For this ...

The upgraded European 1-MW, 170-GHz continuous wave (CW) industrial prototype gyrotron (TH1509U) for electron cyclotron resonance heating and current drive in ITER was tested at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). In this work, we report on the ma ...

On ITER, long pulse gyrotrons are required as a power source for electron cyclotron heating (ECH) and current drive (CD). The microwaves are guided from the gyrotrons, which are placed far from the Tokamak, into the plasma by transmission lines (TLs) and a ...

Recently developed self-consistent models for beam-wave interaction simulations of a gyrotron oscillator have been extended to study spurious backward-wave instabilities in smooth-wall circular symmetric beam ducts. Starting from a purely metallic case, th ...

In the frame of the TCV Tokamak upgrade, two 84/126 GHz/2 s dual frequency gyrotrons designed by SPC and KIT and manufactured by THALES will be added to the existing EC-System. The first unit has been delivered to EPFL-SPC and tested. In the commissioning ...

The dissipated energy (Ediss) related to the resonant charging/discharging of a transistor output capacitance, becomes a dominant loss factor for power converters operating in the MHz range. A recent work has introduced a small-signal measurement method to ...

Parasitic oscillations excitation is one of the main point hindering high-power gyrotron operation for fusion application. These instabilities, besides being dangerous for the gyrotron components, could possibly degrade the electron beam quality before it ...

The EU gyrotron for the ITER Electron Cyclotron (EC) heating system has been developed in coordinated efforts of the EGYC Consortium, Thales ED (TED) and Fusion for Energy (F4E) and under the supervision of ITER Organization Central Team. After the success ...

The self-consistent simulation of the electron beam interaction was performed in the presence of a lossy dielectric layer in the smooth-wall beam duct of a gyrotron oscillator. For this purpose, the linear and spectral code TWANGlinspec was extended. In th ...

The European 1 MW, 170 GHz industrial CW prototype gyrotron has been designed within EGYC (European GYrotron Consortium) in collaboration with the industrial partner Thales Electron Devices (TED) and under the coordination of Fusion for Energy (F4E). This ...

Nuclear fusion power plants require electron cyclotron (EC) heating and current drive (H&CD) systems for plasma heating and stabilization. High-power microwave beams between 1 and 2?MW generated by gyrotrons propagate in a dedicated waveguide transmission ...

The EC-system of the TCV tokamak is progressively being upgraded with the addition of two MW-class dual-frequency gyrotrons (84 and 126 GHz/2s/1MW). In order to connect the two gyrotrons to the existing low field side and top launchers, new waveguide routi ...

In many tokamak and stellarator experiments around the globe that arc investigating energy production via controlled thermonuclear fusion, electron cyclotron heating and current drive (ECH&CD) are used for plasma start-up, heating, non-inductive current dr ...

Gyrotron R&D within the EUROfusion Work Package Heating and Current Drive (WPHCD) is addressing the challenging requirements posed on gyrotrons by the European concept for a demonstration fusion power plant (EU DEMO). These requirements, as specified withi ...

In Europe, the research and development with main focus on achieving robust industrial designs of series gyrotrons for electron cyclotron heating and current drive of today's nuclear fusion experiments and towards a future DEMOnstration fusion power plant ...

Harmonic oscillators might be one of the most fundamental entities described by physics. Yet they stay relevant in recent research. The topological properties associated with exceptional points that can occur when two modes interact have generated much int ...

The European Gyrotron Consortium (EGYC) is developing the European 1 MW, 170 GHz Continuous Wave (CW) industrial prototype gyrotron for ITER in cooperation with Thales Electron Devices (TED) and Fusion for Energy (F4E). This conventional, hollow-cavity gyr ...

The future EC systems will consist of several gyrotron sources providing MW-level millimeter wave power at a frequency around or above 170 GHz. The development of matched loads is necessary to test the new sources, the components for the transmission lines ...

A Test Facility (TF) has been designed and installed at SPC to allow for the commissioning of the EU gyrotrons developed in view of their integration to the ITER EC system. The first phase of operation of this TF was dedicated to the development of the EU ...

Moment-based, self-consistent linear analysis of gyrotron oscillators

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Modelling of nonneutral plasmas trapped by electric and magnetic fields relevant to gyrotron electron guns

First self-consistent simulations of trapped electron clouds in a gyrotron gun and comparison with experiments

Experimental Testing of the European TH1509U 170-GHz 1-MW CW Industrial Gyrotron-Long Pulse Operation

Prototype mitre bends of the ex-vessel waveguide system for the ITER upper launcher: Thermal hydraulic simulations and experiments with off-center mm-wave beams

Linear studies of spurious backward-wave instabilities in a dielectric-loaded smooth-wall gyrotron beam ducts

Megawatt power generation of the dual-frequency gyrotron for TCV at 84 and 126 GHz, in long pulses

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Advanced linear models for gyro-backward wave instabilities in gyrotrons

Metrology techniques for the verification of the alignment of the EU gyrotron prototype for ITER

Modeling of parasitic oscillations in smooth-wall circular symmetric dielectric-loaded gyrotron beam ducts

Report of recent experiments with the European 1 MW, 170 GHz CW and SP prototype gyrotrons for ITER

Diamond Window Technology for Electron Cyclotron Heating and Current Drive: State of the Art

Design and implementation of quasi-optical components for the upgrade of the TCV EC-system

High-power gyrotrons for electron cyclotron heating and current drive

Overview of recent gyrotron R&D towards DEMO within EUROfusion Work Package Heating and Current Drive

From W7-X Towards ITER and Beyond: 2019 Status on EU Fusion Gyrotron Developments

Multimode microwave circuit optomechanics as a platform to study coupled quantum harmonic oscillators

Recent experiments with the European 1MW, 170GHz industrial CW and short-pulse gyrotrons for ITER

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