Evolving olfactory systems on the fly

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Background Braak's hypothesis states that sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) follows a specific progression of pathology from the peripheral to the central nervous system, and this progression can be monitored by detecting the accumulation of alpha-Synuclei ...

Rodents depend on olfaction and touch to meet many of their fundamental needs. However, the impact of simultaneous olfactory and tactile inputs on sensory representations in the cortex remains elusive. To study these interactions, we recorded large populat ...

Background Excessive and inconsolable crying behavior in otherwise healthy infants (a condition called infant colic (IC)) is very distressing to parents, may lead to maternal depression, and in extreme cases, may result in shaken baby syndrome. Despite the ...

In this study we present a novel microfluidic hydrodynamic trapping device to probe the cell–cell interaction between all cell samples of two distinct populations. We have exploited an hydrodynamic trapping method using microfluidics to immobilize a batch ...

The mammalian olfactory system uses hundreds of specialized G-protein-coupled olfactory receptors (ORs) to discriminate a nearly unlimited number of odorants. Cognate agonists of most ORs have not yet been identified and potential non-olfactory processes m ...

Neurogenesis continues in the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) of the adult forebrain from quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs). V-SVZ NSCs are a reservoir for new olfactory bulb (OB) neurons that migrate through the rostral migratory stream (RMS). To ...

Ecosystems are the stage on which the play of evolution is acted. Inferring evolutionary processes from the spatial and temporal genetic patterns they produce in populations is challenging because ecosystems are highly complex, spatially structured, and te ...

Behavioral resistance protects insects from microbial infection. However, signals inducing insect hygiene behavior are still relatively unexplored. Our previous study demonstrated that olfactory signals from microbes enhance insect hygiene behavior, and gu ...

Animals adapt their behaviors to specific ecological niches, but the genetic and cellular basis of nervous system evolution is poorly understood. We have compared the olfactory circuits of the specialist Drosophila sechellia-which feeds exclusively on Mori ...

Enhanced sensation of reality from multimedia contents can be achieved by creating realistic multimedia environments, using visual, auditory, and olfactory information. Although the affective information from video and audio has been extensively studied, t ...

Odor plume tracing is a challenging robotics application, made difficult by the combination of the patchy characteristics of odor distribution and the slow response of the available sensors. This work proposes a graph-based formation control algorithm to c ...

A multi-gene family of ~1000 G protein-coupled olfactory receptors (ORs) constitutes the molecular basis of mammalian olfaction. Due to the lack of structural data its remarkable capacity to detect and discriminate thousands of odorants remains poorly unde ...

Robotic odor source localization is a promising tool with numerous applications in safety, search and rescue, and environmental science. In this paper, we present an algorithm for odor source localization using multiple cooperating robots equipped with che ...

Purpose As the magnetic susceptibility induced frequency shift increases linearly with magnetic field strength, the present work evaluates manganese as a phase imaging contrast agent and investigates the dose dependence of brain enhancement in comparison t ...

Since olfactory sense is gaining ground in multimedia applications, it is important to understand the way odor pleasantness is perceived. Although several studies have explored the way odor pleasantness perception influences the power spectral density of t ...

Recent experimental data from the rodent cerebral cortex and olfactory bulb indicate that specific connectivity motifs are correlated with short-term dynamics of excitatory synaptic transmission. It was observed that neurons with short-term facilitating sy ...

Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene cause late-onset, autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease (PD). The clinical and neurochemical features of LRRK2-linked PD are similar to idiopathic disease although neuropathology is somewhat heter ...

Living at high altitude is one of the most difficult challenges that humans had to cope with during their evolution. Whereas several genomic studies have revealed some of the genetic bases of adaptations in Tibetan, Andean, and Ethiopian populations, relat ...

Olfactory receptors (ORs) constitute the largest family of sensory membrane proteins in mammals. They play a key role within the olfactory system to recognize and discriminate a nearly unlimited number of structurally diverse odorant molecules. The molecul ...

Molecular interactions of odorants with their olfactory receptors (ORs) are of central importance for the mammalian olfactory system to detect and discriminate a large variety of odors with a limited set of receptors. How a particular OR binds and distingu ...

Evolving olfactory systems on the fly

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Overexpression of human alpha-Synuclein leads to dysregulated microbiome/metabolites with ageing in a rat model of Parkinson disease

Olfactory modulation of barrel cortex activity during active whisking and passive whisker stimulation

Shedding light on excessive crying in babies

Microfluidic device performing on flow study of serial cell–cell interactions of two cell populations

Computational modeling of the olfactory receptor Olfr73 suggests a molecular basis for low potency of olfactory receptor-activating compounds

Notch2 Signaling Maintains NSC Quiescence in the Murine Ventricular-Subventricular Zone

The Least Cost Path From Landscape Genetics to Landscape Genomics: Challenges and Opportunities to Explore NGS Data in a Spatially Explicit Context

The gram-negative sensing receptor PGRP-LC contributes to grooming induction in Drosophila

Evolution of Acid-Sensing Olfactory Circuits in Drosophilids

Subject-Independent Odor Pleasantness Classification Using Brain and Peripheral Signals

A Graph-Based Formation Algorithm for Odor Plume Tracing

Exchanging ligand-binding specificity between a pair of mouse olfactory receptor paralogs reveals odorant recognition principles

A Distributed Formation-based Odor Source Localization Algorithm – Design, Implementation, and Wind Tunnel Evaluation

Phase-based manganese enhanced MRI, a new methodology to enhance brain cytoarchitectural contrast and study manganese uptake

Non-Linear EEG Features for Odor Pleasantness Recognition

Emergence of Connectivity Motifs in Networks of Model Neurons with Short- and Long-Term Plastic Synapses

Conditional expression of Parkinson's disease-related R1441C LRRK2 in midbrain dopaminergic neurons of mice causes nuclear abnormalities without neurodegeneration

Widespread Signals of Convergent Adaptation to High Altitude in Asia and America

Functional Characterization of the Mouse Olfactory Receptor mOR256-17 in Live Cells

Probing Odorant-Mediated Receptor Activation