The Demographic History of African Drosophila melanogaster

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Evolution is the process by which organisms are modified over time. The fundamental mechanisms underlying evolution are mutations, natural selection and genetic drift. While natural selection favors fitter individuals, genetic drift, which arises from fini ...

Background: Reproductive isolation can result from adaptive processes (e.g., ecological speciation and mutation-order speciation) or stochastic processes such as "system drift" model. Ecological speciation predicts barriers to gene flow between populations ...

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Equivalent Circuit Models (ECMs) are widely used to characterize the impedance and estimate parameters of electrochemical systems such as batteries. We use a generic ECM with ten parameters grouped to model ...

Patterns in nature arise from processes interacting across a continuum of spatial scales, where new relationships emerge at each level of investigation. These patterns are nested features encompassing fine-scale local patterns, such as topography and geolo ...

Climate changes influence lake hydrodynamics and radiation levels and thus may affect the fate and transport of waterborne pathogens in lakes. This study examines the impact of climate change on the fate, transport, and associated risks of four waterborne ...

Owing to stochastic fluctuations arising from finite population size, known as genetic drift, the ability of a population to explore a rugged fitness landscape depends on its size. In the weak mutation regime, while the mean steady-state fitness increases ...

This article explores how the logic underlying modal practices tends to modulate the population’s responsiveness to improvements in global transport supply. Based on a quantitative survey conducted in 2018–2019 among the working population of the cantons o ...

Long-term consumption of lipid-rich foods can contribute to common metabolic diseases and systemic low-grade inflammation. However, dietary responses and the development of non-communicable diseases are shaped by genetic factors and gene-by-environment int ...

The resilience of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) to a high mutational pressure depends, in part, on negative purifying selection in the germline. A paradigm in the field has been that such selection, at least in part, takes place in primordial germ cells ...

Activity-based models offer the potential of a far deeper understanding of daily mobility behaviour than trip-based models. However, activity-based models used both in research and practice have often relied on applying sequential choice models between sub ...

The arms race between viruses and their hosts shaped the evolutionary history and the genome composition of both parties. Restriction factors are the first-line antiviral effectors encoded by the host genomes and are often conserved through evolution to pr ...

As the world’s population grows in cities, urban dwellers spend a large amount of time inside their home, making housing health ever more important. Critical for residents’ health, the interactions between indoor residential environments and outdoor enviro ...

Dysregulations in cholesterol metabolism are associated with neurodegenerative and vascular pathologies, and dementia. Diet-derived plant sterols (phytosterols) have cholesterol-lowering, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties and may interfere with ...

DNA mechanics plays a crucial role in many biological processes, including nucleosome positioning and protein-DNA interactions. It is believed that nature employs epigenetic modifications in DNA to further regulate gene expression. Moreover, double-strande ...

The multidimensionality of the stress response has shown the complexity of this phenomenon and therefore the impossibility of finding a unique biomarker among the physiological variables related to stress. An experimental study was designed and performed t ...

An artificial floods program has been implemented on the Sarine residual flow reach, downstream of the Rossens dam. Two artificial floods were released in 2016 (coupled with sediment augmentation) and in 2020. A natural flood occurred in 2021. The indicato ...

During fear learning, defensive behaviors like freezing need to be finely balanced in the presence or absence of threat-predicting cues (conditioned stimulus, CS). Nevertheless, the circuits underlying such balancing are largely unknown. Here, we investiga ...

We summarize what we consider to be the two main limitations of the "Estimands for Recurrent Event Endpoints in the Presence of a Terminal Event" (Schmidli et al. 2022). First, the authors did not give detailed guidance on how to choose an appropriate esti ...

This chapter takes stock of contemporary migration by breaking with a few myths and by distinguishing between interregional and international migration. It shows how new research paradigms have relativized the importance of the state as the preferred frame ...

The increasing integration of renewable energy requires a good model of the existing power distribution infrastructure, represented by its admittance matrix. However, a reliable estimate may either be missing or quickly become obsolete, as distribution gri ...

The Demographic History of African Drosophila melanogaster

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Impact of spatial structure and finite size on the evolution and ecology of asexual microbial populations

Reproductive isolation arises during laboratory adaptation to a novel hot environment

On the use of Cramér-Rao Lower Bound for least-variance circuit parameters identification of Li-ion cells

At what spatial scale does natural selection operate? Using multiscale frameworks to calibrate the effects of environmental factors across landscape continuums

Waterborne Virus Transport and Risk Assessment in Lake Geneva Under Climate Change

Impact of population size on early adaptation in rugged fitness landscapes

Analysing the potential for modal shiftbased on the logic of modal choice

Identifying genetic and dietary modulators of metabolic disorders using systems genetics

Reanalysis of mtDNA mutations of human primordial germ cells (PGCs) reveals NUMT contamination and suggests that selection in PGCs may be positive

OASIS: Optimisation-based Activity Scheduling with Integrated Simultaneous choice dimensions

PSGL-1 is an evolutionarily conserved antiviral restriction factor

Housing, street and health: a new systemic research framework

Plant sterols and cholesterol metabolism are associated with five-year cognitive decline in the elderly population

cgNA+: A sequence-dependent coarse-grain model of double-stranded nucleic acids

Psychosomatic response to acute emotional stress in healthy students

Effects of water releases and sediment supply on a residual flow reach

A striatal circuit balances learned fear in the presence and absence of sensory cues

We Need Subject Matter Expertise to Choose and Identify Causal Estimands: Comment on "Estimands for Recurrent Event Endpoints in the Presence of a Terminal Event"

City, State, Transnational Space

Bayesian Error-in-Variables Models for the Identification of Distribution Grids