Publication

Generation and detection of terahertz pulses in thin-film lithium niobate photonic circuits

2026

Abstract

We present thin-film lithium niobate integrated photonic circuits specifically engineered for the on-chip generation and detection of broadband terahertz pulses. By exploiting the exceptionally large second-order nonlinear response of lithium niobate at millimeter-wave and terahertz frequencies, together with its low optical propagation losses, we demonstrate hybrid integrated architectures that seamlessly combine planar antennas and transmission lines for terahertz radiation with optical waveguides for efficient optical beam delivery and manipulation. The tight co-design of metallic terahertz structures and guided optical modes enables phase-matching conditions that are fundamentally inaccessible in bulk lithium niobate, thereby enhancing optical–terahertz interaction efficiency. Beyond spectroscopy and ultrafast signal processing, this integrated platform provides a promising technological launchpad for future photonic terahertz transceivers targeting emerging short-range THz communication and 6G systems

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/522504e3-20f4-4fdb-b1d6-0501a19fc3c6

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2026

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/522504e3-20f4-4fdb-b1d6-0501a19fc3c6

About this result

Related concepts (32)

Terahertz radiation

Terahertz radiation – also known as submillimeter radiation, terahertz waves, tremendously high frequency (THF), T-rays, T-waves, T-light, T-lux or THz – consists of electromagnetic waves within the ITU-designated band of frequencies from 0.3 to 3 terahertz (THz), although the upper boundary is somewhat arbitrary and is considered by some sources as 30 THz. One terahertz is 1012 Hz or 1000 GHz. Wavelengths of radiation in the terahertz band correspondingly range from 1 mm to 0.1 mm = 100 μm.

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

In physics, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is a spectroscopic technique in which the properties of matter are probed with short pulses of terahertz radiation. The generation and detection scheme is sensitive to the sample's effect on both the amplitude and the phase of the terahertz radiation. Typically, an ultrashort pulsed laser is used in the terahertz pulse generation process. In the use of low-temperature grown GaAs as an antenna, the ultrashort pulse creates charge carriers that are accelerated to create the terahertz pulse.

Terahertz spectroscopy and technology

Terahertz spectroscopy detects and controls properties of matter with electromagnetic fields that are in the frequency range between a few hundred gigahertz and several terahertz (abbreviated as THz). In many-body systems, several of the relevant states have an energy difference that matches with the energy of a THz photon. Therefore, THz spectroscopy provides a particularly powerful method in resolving and controlling individual transitions between different many-body states.

Related publications (10)

Generation and detection of terahertz pulses in thin-film lithium niobate photonic circuits

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