Host lifestyle affects human microbiota on daily timescales

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While rapid progress has been made to characterize the bacterial and archaeal populations of the rumen microbiome, insight into how they interact with keystone protozoal species remains elusive. Here, we reveal two distinct system-wide rumen community type ...

Nori is a component of the traditional Japanese diet. The Japanese have a low prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular disease worldwide, and components of nori may have disease-preventive effects. Here, we focused on porphyran, which is abundant in nori t ...

Infancy is a key period for bone growth, determining bone strength later in life. Studies have provided early insights into the role that human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) may play in growth, potentially through their effects on the microbiome. However, f ...

Recent advancements in next-generation sequencing have revolutionized our understanding of the human microbiome. Despite this progress, challenges persist in comprehending the microbiome's influence on disease, hindered by technical complexities in species ...

Host–gut microbiota interactions are more complex than good or bad. Both gut symbiotic bacteria and pathobionts can provide essential functions to their host in one scenario and yet be detrimental to host health in another. So, these gut-dwelling bacteria ...

Microorganisms are a key component in the chain of life. They are essential for agriculture, produce a large proportion of oxygen, and play a central role in the cycle of elements. Microorganisms are widely used in the production of food and alcoholic beve ...

Microorganisms, encompassing both uni- and multicellular entities, exhibit remarkable diversity as omnipresent life forms in nature. They play a pivotal role by supplying essential components for sustaining biological processes across diverse ecosystems, i ...

Glacier-fed streams are the cold, ultra-oligotrophic, and unstable streams that are fed by glacial meltwater. Despite these extreme conditions, they harbour a diverse and abundant microbial diversity that develops into biofilms, covering the boulders and s ...

While largely neglected over decades during which adaptive immunity captured most of the attention, innate immune mechanisms have now become central to our understanding of immunology. Innate immunity provides the first barrier to infection in vertebrates, ...

Background Braak's hypothesis states that sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) follows a specific progression of pathology from the peripheral to the central nervous system, and this progression can be monitored by detecting the accumulation of alpha-Synuclei ...

Bacteria often engage in social interactions with neighbouring bacteria. Ecosystems which are subjected to social interactions have been widely studied in well mixed settings such as test tubes, allowing us to identify the cellular components contributing ...

The question of how local adaptation takes place remains a fundamental question in evolutionary biology. The variation of allele frequencies in genes under selection over environmental gradients remains mainly theoretical and its empirical assessment would ...

The search for an understanding of the causal elements that lead to neurodegenerative diseases has motivated researchers for decades. Today, Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent form of dementia and affects approximately fifty million people worldwide ...

All metazoan guts are subject to opposing pressures wherein the immune system must eliminate pathogens while tolerating the presence of symbiotic microbiota. The Imd pathway is an essential defense against invading pathogens in insect guts, but tolerance m ...

Soil microbiomes harbor unparalleled functional and phylogenetic diversity and are sources of novel metabolisms. However, extracting isolates with a targeted function from complex microbiomes is not straightforward, particularly if the associated phenotype ...

The shrinking of glaciers is among the most iconic consequences of climate change. Despite this, the downstream consequences for ecosystem processes and related microbiome structure and function remain poorly understood. Here, using a space-for-time substi ...

Dietary fiber has been linked to improved gut health, yet the mechanisms behind this association remain poorly understood. One proposed mechanism is through its influence on the secretion of gut hormones, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gluca ...

Background Inhibitory control (IC) is critical to keep long-term goals in everyday life. Bidirectional relationships between IC deficits and obesity are behind unhealthy eating and physical exercise habits. ...

The human gut microbiota plays a central role in intestinal health and disease. Yet, many of its bacterial constituents are functionally still largely unexplored. A crucial prerequisite for bacterial survival and proliferation is the creation and/or exploi ...

The control of gut homeostasis by autophagy in the context of host-microbiota relationship remains poorly understood. In this issue of Developmental Cell, Nagai et al. (2021) show that autophagy plays a crucial role in enterocytes to prevent the mis-regula ...

Host lifestyle affects human microbiota on daily timescales

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Protozoal populations drive system-wide variation in the rumen microbiome

Porphyran from discolored nori prevents metabolic syndrome through microbiota-bile acid-ceramide pathway

Intake of Neutral Core Human Milk Oligosaccharides (hmos) During Early Life Improves Long-term Bone Quality

Emergent ecological patterns and modelling of gut microbiomes in health and in disease

Pathobiont and symbiont contribute to microbiota homeostasis through Malpighian tubules–gut countercurrent flow in Bactrocera dorsalis

Reconstruction and analysis of genome-scale metabolic networks in single organisms and microbial communities

Microfluidic systems for infectious disease diagnostics

The microbial genomics of glacier-fed streams: adaptations to an extreme ecosystem

The conceptual foundations of innate immunity: Taking stock 30 years later

Overexpression of human alpha-Synuclein leads to dysregulated microbiome/metabolites with ageing in a rat model of Parkinson disease

The Effects of Spatial Organization and Fluid Flow on the Social Interactions in Microbial Communities

Multiple genomic solutions for local adaptation in two closely related species (sheep and goats) facing the same climatic constraints

Multidisciplinary Investigation of the Gut-Brain Ecosystem in a Model of Alzheimer's Disease

Compartmentalized PGRP expression along the dipteran Bactrocera dorsalis gut forms a zone of protection for symbiotic bacteria

Meta-omics-aided isolation of an elusive anaerobic arsenic-methylating soil bacterium

Glacier shrinkage will accelerate downstream decomposition of organic matter and alters microbiome structure and function

Dietary Fiber Is Essential to Maintain Intestinal Size, L-Cell Secretion, and Intestinal Integrity in Mice

Obesity-associated deficits in inhibitory control are phenocopied to mice through gut microbiota changes in one-carbon and aromatic amino acids metabolic pathways

Identification of Allobaculum mucolyticum as a novel human intestinal mucin degrader

Autophagy as a Gatekeeper of Intestinal Homeostasis