New resource assessment characterization factors for rare earth elements: applied in NdFeB permanent magnet case study

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Successful management of secondary waste resources is essential for the viable circular economy. E-waste could serve as the potential urban mining source for the alternative supply chain of critical metals such as rare earth elements (REEs). The hydrometal ...

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Appropriate waste and resource management are essential for a sustainable circular economy with reduced environmental impact. With critical resources, e-waste may serve as indirect raw material. For example, with NdFeB permanent magnets, Neodymium (Nd) and ...

In many applications, resource-aware devices are connected through a network, such as in the Internet of Things and energy hubs. These devices require proper coordination to achieve a high performance without violation of their resource limits. In this pap ...

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The magnetic moment of rare earth elements originates from electrons in the partially filled 4f orbitals. Accessing this moment electrically by scanning tunneling spectroscopy is hampered by shielding of outerlying orbitals. Here, we show that we can detec ...

New resource assessment characterization factors for rare earth elements: applied in NdFeB permanent magnet case study

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