Telomerase is essential to alleviate pif1-induced replication stress at telomeres

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The impact of an 8-oxoguanine (8oxoG) defect on the redox properties of DNA within the nucleosome core particle (NCP) was investigated employing hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) molecular dynamics simulations of native and 8oxoG-contai ...

DNA-binding proteins physically interact with the DNA and directly affect genomic functions. The eukaryotic genome is compacted into chromatin, limiting the DNA access to nuclear factors. In this Ph.D. thesis, I explored the dynamic mechanisms, that allow ...

Genome duplication, transcription, and translation are among many crucial cellular processes that need to be performed with high fidelity. However, those extremely low error rates cannot be explained with simple equilibrium thermodynamic considerations. Th ...

Natural competence for transformation is an important driver of horizontal DNA exchange between different organisms. This can result in accumulation of dangerous genetic features, such as antibiotic resistance genes, in a single organism. One example of an ...

Type I CRISPR-Cas systems typically rely on a two-step process to degrade DNA. First, an RNA-guided complex named Cascade identifies the complementary DNA target. The helicase-nuclease fusion enzyme Cas3 is then recruited in trans for processive DNA degrad ...

Crossover formation is essential for proper segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis. Here, we show that Caenorhabditis elegans cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK-2) partners with cyclin-like protein COSA-1 to promote crossover formation by promoti ...

Difficulties to replicate telomeres - the ends of our chromosomes - can cause telomere shortening and genome instability. These difficulties are due to the repetitive DNA sequence and distinct structures at telomeres that challenge the semi-conservative DN ...

Telomeres protect chromosome ends from nucleolytic degradation, uncontrolled recombination by DNA repair enzymes and checkpoint signaling, and they provide mechanisms for their maintenance by semiconservative DNA replication, telomerase and homologous reco ...

It has become apparent that difficulties to replicate telomeres concern not only the very ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. The challenges already start when the replication fork enters the telomeric repeats. The obstacles encountered consist mainly of nonca ...

Although telomeres are essential for chromosome stability, they represent fragile structures in our genome. Telomere shortening occurs during aging in cells lacking telomerase due to the end replication problem. In addition, recent work uncovered that the ...

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is an essential technology for DNA identification in genomic research. DNA fragmentation is a critical step for NGS and doing this on-chip is of great interest for future integrated genomic solutions. Here we demonstrate fa ...

Telomere shortening can cause detrimental diseases and contribute to aging. It occurs due to the end replication problem in cells lacking telomerase. Furthermore, recent studies revealed that telomere shortening can be attributed to difficulties of the sem ...

Recognition of pathogen-derived molecules through germline-encoded receptors is a fundamental principle of innate immunity. Pattern recognition receptors detect specific intracellular danger signals to trigger potent immune responses. The DNA sensor cyclic ...

Telomerase negative cancer cell types use the Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres (ALT) pathway to elongate telomeres ends. Here, we show that silencing human DNA polymerase (Pol λ) in ALT cells represses ALT activity and induces telomeric stress. In addi ...

Why biological quality-control systems fail is often mysterious. Specifically, checkpoints such as the DNA damage checkpoint or the spindle assembly checkpoint are overriden after prolonged arrests allowing cells to continue dividing despite the continued ...

Propagation of microorganisms is based on three fundamental processes: cell growth, DNA replication, and cell division. Although important for antibacterial drug development, these processes are poorly understood in Actinobacteria, a medically important ph ...

All cells need to be able to sense their environment, and adapt their metabolism, growth and cell division appropriately. In this study, I examined the response of Schizosaccharomyces pombe to a change in the carbon source and how that affects cytokinesis. ...

Telomerase is essential to alleviate pif1-induced replication stress at telomeres

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Redox-Based Defect Detection in Packed DNA: Insights from Hybrid Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanics Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Development of multiplexed single-molecule imaging techniques to study chromatin invasion dynamics of chromatin effector proteins

Individual and combined benefits of different nonequilibrium proofreading mechanisms

Natural competence of the pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii: an elusive phenomenon

Allosteric control of type I-A CRISPR-Cas3 complexes and establishment as effective nucleic acid detection and human genome editing tools

Robust designation of meiotic crossover sites by CDK-2 through phosphorylation of the MutS gamma complex

Identification and characterization of proteins that protect human telomeres from fragility

The makings of TERRA R-loops at chromosome ends

Challenging endings: How telomeres prevent fragility

TFIIH moonlighting at telomeres

Polydimethylsiloxane microstructure-induced acoustic streaming for enhanced ultrasonic DNA fragmentation on a microfluidic chip

The human telomeric proteome during telomere replication

Exploring the mechanisms governing nuclear cGAS localization and activity

A Role for Human DNA Polymerase λ in Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres

Principles of checkpoint override

Coordination between cell growth, division and chromosome replication cycles in mycobacteria

Metabolic regulation of cytokinesis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe