The role of the immune system in cancer: From mechanisms to clinical applications

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Immunometabolites are capable of contributing to the intricate intercellular cytokine signaling networks through a variety of different mechanisms, which will be detailed in this chapter. Their ability to regulate cytokines in this manner has led to the no ...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the three most commonly diagnosed cancers and one of the major causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Despite the discovery of several predictive biomarkers, the 5-year survival rate for metastatic CRC is 15%. A ...

ZNF93 is a primate-restricted Krüppel-associated box zinc finger protein responsible for repressing 20- to 12-My-old L1 transposable elements. Here, we reveal that ZNF93 also regulates the key cancer driver APOBEC3B—a mutagenic enzyme linked to tumorigenes ...

A recent publication by Bornes and colleagues explored the impact of the estrous cycle on mammary tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Using genetically engineered mouse models, Bornes and colleagues revealed that chemotherapy is less effective when ...

Tumorigenesis embodies the formation of a heterotypic tumour microenvironment (TME) that, among its many functions, enables the evasion of T cell-mediated immune responses. Remarkably, most TME cell types, including cancer cells, fibroblasts, myeloid cells ...

Individuals differ widely in their immune responses, with age, sex and genetic factors having major roles in this inherent variability1–6. However, the variables that drive such differences in cytokine secretion—a crucial component of the host response to ...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) still remains the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. This study aimed to profile the metabolic differences of colorectal cancer tissues (CCT) at different stages and sites, as compared with their distant noncancerous tissues ( ...

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The best solution for lung cancer is to diagnose the pulmonary nodules in the early stage, which is usually accomplished with the aid of thoracic computed tomography (CT). As deep learning thrives ...

The ability of cancer cells to change and adapt poses a critical challenge to identifying curative solutions. Tumor evolution has been extensively studied from a genetic perspective, to guide clinicians in selecting the most appropriate therapeutic option ...

Objectives To evaluate the performance of automatic deep learning (DL) algorithm for size, mass, and volume measurements in predicting prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and compared with manual measurements. ...

Genomic instability enhances cancer progression by favoring clonal diversity, yet uncontrolled replicative stress can lead to mitotic catastrophe and inflammatory responses promoting immune rejection. KRAB-containing zinc finger proteins (KZFPs) are epigen ...

Objective: The present study, CLUS version 2.0, was conducted to evaluate the performance of new techniques in improving the implementation of lung cancer screening and to validate the efficacy of LDCT in reducing lung cancer-specific mortality in a high-r ...

Purpose: Non-viral transfection approaches are extensively used in cancer therapy. The future of cancer therapy lies on targeted and efficient drug/gene delivery. The aim of this study was to determine the transfection yields of two commercially available ...

PurposeTo investigate the performance of an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for assessing the malignancy and invasiveness of pulmonary nodules in a multicenter cohort.MethodsA previously developed deep learning system based on a 3D convolutional neu ...

ABCG2 is an ATP-binding cassette transporter that exports a wide range of xenobiotic compounds and has been recognized as a contributing factor for multidrug resistance in cancer cells. Substrate and inhibitor interactions with ABCG2 have been extensively ...

Many human cancers manifest the capability to circumvent attack by the adaptive immune system. In this work, we identified a component of immune evasion that involves frequent up-regulation of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) in solid tumors. FM ...

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are host-encoded antibiotics that combat invading pathogens. These genes commonly encode multiple products as post-translationally cleaved polypeptides. Recent studies have highlighted roles for AMPs in neurological contexts s ...

Viruses rely on the reprogramming of cellular processes to enable efficient viral replication; this often requires subcompartmentalization within the host cell. Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has emerged as a fundamental principle to organize and su ...

Recent advances in the field of nanomaterials demonstrated how their use for vaccination can drastically improve immune responses, mainly by enhancing delivery and uptake of vaccine components. However, our understanding of the connections between presenta ...

Mitohormesis defines the increase in fitness mediated by adaptive responses to mild mitochondrial stress. Tetracyclines inhibit not only bacterial but also mitochondrial translation, thus imposing a low level of mitochondrial stress on eukaryotic cells. We ...

The role of the immune system in cancer: From mechanisms to clinical applications

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Regulation of cytokine secretion by immunometabolites

Abstract 4588: Cell states and resistance in colorectal cancer: What can we learn from patient-derived organoids?

Cancer cells subvert the primate-specific KRAB zinc finger protein ZNF93 to control APOBEC3B

Breaking the Rhythm: Harnessing the Menstrual Cycle for Better Chemotherapy

Convergent inducers and effectors of T cell paralysis in the tumour microenvironment

Smoking changes adaptive immunity with persistent effects

NMR-based metabolomics combined with metabolic pathway analysis reveals metabolic heterogeneity of colorectal cancer tissue at different anatomical locations and stages

SGDA: Towards 3-D Universal Pulmonary Nodule Detection via Slice Grouped Domain Attention

Nongenetic evolution of the tumor: from challenges to new therapeutic opportunities

Prognostic impact of deep learning-based quantification in clinical stage 0-I lung adenocarcinoma

KRAB zinc finger proteins link heterochromatin maintenance to replicative stress and inflammation in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

China lung cancer screening (CLUS) version 2.0 with new techniques implemented: Artificial intelligence, circulating molecular biomarkers and autofluorescence bronchoscopy

Comparative Evaluation of Lipofectamine and Dendrimer for Transfection of Short RNA Into Human T47D and MCF-10A Cell Lines

Invasiveness assessment by artificial intelligence against intraoperative frozen section for pulmonary nodules

Structural Basis of the Allosteric Inhibition of Human ABCG2 by Nanobodies

Aberrant hyperexpression of the RNA binding protein FMRP in tumors mediates immune evasion

Repeated truncation of a modular antimicrobial peptide gene for neural context

Phase separation in viral infections

DNA-based biomaterials for nanoscale controlled modulation of immune cells

Tetracycline-induced mitohormesis mediates disease tolerance against influenza