Lecture

Advanced General Chemistry: Organic Compounds and Molecular Properties

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In course

CH-160(en): Advanced general chemistry (english)

This course aims to teach essential notions of the structure of matter, chemical equilibria and reactivity. Classes and exercises provide the means to analyze and solve, by reasoning and calculation, novel problems of geeneral chemistry. ...

Description

This lecture covers advanced topics in general chemistry, focusing on organic compounds in the environment, colligative properties of solutions, and analytical methods for molecule identification. It discusses resonance structures, aromaticity, molecular polarity, and isomerism. The lecture also explores the concepts of chirality, stereochemistry, and functional groups containing oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. The instructor presents examples of aromatic molecules, explains the significance of molecular polarity, and discusses the identification of functional groups through spectroscopy. Additionally, the lecture delves into the oxidation states of carbon and the colligative properties of solutions, such as vapor pressure lowering and boiling point elevation.

Instructors (2)

Thomas Rizzo

EDUCATION Ph.D., Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1983 B.S., Chemistry, cum laude, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1978 ACADEMIC AND ADMINISTRATIVE POSITIONS Dean, Faculty of Basic Sciences, EPFL, 2004-present Head, Department of Chemistry, EPFL, 1997-2004 Professor of Chemistry, EPFL, 1994-present Professor of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 1993-1994 Assistant Professor of Chemistry, University of Rochester, 1986-1992 Research Associate, The James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, 1984-1986

Samuel Terrettaz

Teaching & PhD Courses Advanced general chemistry CH-160(f) This course aims at the acquisition of essential notions on the structure of matter, chemical equilibria and reactivity. Theoretical teaching and exercise provide the methodology to analyze and solve by reasoning and calculation novel problems of general chemistry. Advanced general chemistry CH-160(g) This course aims at the acquisition of essential notions on the structure of matter, chemical equilibria and reactivi

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Chemistry

Physical chemistry: Stereochemistry, Spectroscopy

Organic chemistry: Organic compounds

Chemical reactions: Chemical substances

Related concepts (32)

Colligative properties

In chemistry, colligative properties are those properties of solutions that depend on the ratio of the number of solute particles to the number of solvent particles in a solution, and not on the nature of the chemical species present.McQuarrie, Donald, et al. Colligative properties of Solutions" General Chemistry Mill Valley: Library of Congress, 2011. . The number ratio can be related to the various units for concentration of a solution such as molarity, molality, normality (chemistry), etc.

Boiling-point elevation

Boiling-point elevation describes the phenomenon that the boiling point of a liquid (a solvent) will be higher when another compound is added, meaning that a solution has a higher boiling point than a pure solvent. This happens whenever a non-volatile solute, such as a salt, is added to a pure solvent, such as water. The boiling point can be measured accurately using an ebullioscope. The boiling point elevation is a colligative property, which means that it is dependent on the presence of dissolved particles and their number, but not their identity.

Spectroscopy

Spectroscopy is the field of study that measures and interprets the electromagnetic spectra that result from the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter as a function of the wavelength or frequency of the radiation. Matter waves and acoustic waves can also be considered forms of radiative energy, and recently gravitational waves have been associated with a spectral signature in the context of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO).

Ebullioscopic constant

In thermodynamics, the ebullioscopic constant Kb relates molality b to boiling point elevation. It is the ratio of the latter to the former: i is the van 't Hoff factor, the number of particles the solute splits into or forms when dissolved. b is the molality of the solution. A formula to compute the ebullioscopic constant is: R is the ideal gas constant. Tb is boiling point of the solvent. M is the molar mass of the solvent. ΔHvap is the molar enthalpy of vaporization.

Infrared spectroscopy

Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy or vibrational spectroscopy) is the measurement of the interaction of infrared radiation with matter by absorption, emission, or reflection. It is used to study and identify chemical substances or functional groups in solid, liquid, or gaseous forms. It can be used to characterize new materials or identify and verify known and unknown samples. The method or technique of infrared spectroscopy is conducted with an instrument called an infrared spectrometer (or spectrophotometer) which produces an infrared spectrum.

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