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Lecture

Mayer-Vietoris Sequence

In course

MATH-323: Topology III - Homology

Homology is one of the most important tools to study topological spaces and it plays an important role in many fields of mathematics. The aim of this course is to introduce this notion, understand its properties and learn how to compute it. There will be m ...

Description

This lecture covers the Mayer-Vietoris sequence, which deals with the exact sequence of homomorphisms between abelian groups. It explains the concept of complementary embedded spheres and the commutativity of rows in the homomorphism diagram. The lecture also discusses the isomorphisms between groups and the implications of the Barratt-Whitehead Lemma. Furthermore, it explores the application of the Mayer-Vietoris sequence in reduced homology and the van Kampen theorem. Through various examples, the instructor demonstrates how path-connected open subsets lead to path-connected spaces. The lecture concludes by emphasizing the importance of understanding the exact sequences and the abelianization process.

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Instructor

Leonid Monin

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Mathematics

Topology: Algebraic topology

Algebra: Abstract algebra

Related concepts (32)

Exact sequence

An exact sequence is a sequence of morphisms between objects (for example, groups, rings, modules, and, more generally, objects of an ) such that the of one morphism equals the kernel of the next. In the context of group theory, a sequence of groups and group homomorphisms is said to be exact at if . The sequence is called exact if it is exact at each for all , i.e., if the image of each homomorphism is equal to the kernel of the next. The sequence of groups and homomorphisms may be either finite or infinite.

Connected space

In topology and related branches of mathematics, a connected space is a topological space that cannot be represented as the union of two or more disjoint non-empty open subsets. Connectedness is one of the principal topological properties that are used to distinguish topological spaces. A subset of a topological space is a if it is a connected space when viewed as a subspace of . Some related but stronger conditions are path connected, simply connected, and -connected.

Exact functor

In mathematics, particularly homological algebra, an exact functor is a functor that preserves short exact sequences. Exact functors are convenient for algebraic calculations because they can be directly applied to presentations of objects. Much of the work in homological algebra is designed to cope with functors that fail to be exact, but in ways that can still be controlled. Let P and Q be abelian categories, and let F: P→Q be a covariant additive functor (so that, in particular, F(0) = 0).

Locally connected space

In topology and other branches of mathematics, a topological space X is locally connected if every point admits a neighbourhood basis consisting entirely of open, connected sets. Throughout the history of topology, connectedness and compactness have been two of the most widely studied topological properties. Indeed, the study of these properties even among subsets of Euclidean space, and the recognition of their independence from the particular form of the Euclidean metric, played a large role in clarifying the notion of a topological property and thus a topological space.

Simply connected space

In topology, a topological space is called simply connected (or 1-connected, or 1-simply connected) if it is path-connected and every path between two points can be continuously transformed (intuitively for embedded spaces, staying within the space) into any other such path while preserving the two endpoints in question. The fundamental group of a topological space is an indicator of the failure for the space to be simply connected: a path-connected topological space is simply connected if and only if its fundamental group is trivial.

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