Lecture

Canaux and Galleries: Hydraulic Installations and Translational Waves

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In course

CIVIL-312: Hydraulic analysis and design

Water is vital for life but also a powerful natural force. Hydraulic engineering addresses the sustainable management of water for reliable supply, renewable energy, and protection from hazards. ...

Description

This lecture covers topics related to hydraulic constructions, including curved canals, transverse speed distribution, elevation of water bodies, and hydraulic models. It also discusses the concept of translational waves, wave speed, and the critical flow in open channels. The instructor presents examples of hydraulic installations, physical models, and the impact of intumescences on wave propagation. Additionally, the lecture explores the consequences of bedload analysis on project design, ecological considerations, and the effects of paving layers on flow conditions.

Instructors (3)

Azin Amini

Education: MSc.: Structural Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran, 2002 Master Thesis: "Three dimensional analysis of crack propagation in Latiyan butress dam using smeard crack model" BSc.: Civil Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran, 2000

Giovanni De Cesare

Expertise Numerical simulation and physical modeling of hydraulic works and schemes; reservoir sedimentation and turbidity currents; reservoir sediment management; Ultrasonic Doppler flow measurement; river training work and restoration; soil bioengineering and nature based solutions; fluvial eco-morphology; rapid transients in pressurized waterways; technology transfer, commissioned studies and expert reports in applied hydraulics, hydraulic constructions and infrastructures; organization of continuous edu

Pedro Filipe De Almeida Manso

Expertise Dams & hydraulic structures, Hydropower (large/small/pumped-storage), Hydrology & Water Resources, Hydraulic modellingRock scour, Sediment management, Air-water-rock interaction, Fluid-structure/interface interactionFeasibility studies, Project & Team Management Expertise Dams & hydraulic structures, Hydropower (large/small/pumped-storage), Hydrology & Water Resources, Hydraulic modellingRock scour, Sediment management, Air-water-rock interaction, Fluid-structure/interface interactionFeasibility s

Official source

Related concepts (29)

Ion channel

Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore. Their functions include establishing a resting membrane potential, shaping action potentials and other electrical signals by gating the flow of ions across the cell membrane, controlling the flow of ions across secretory and epithelial cells, and regulating cell volume. Ion channels are present in the membranes of all cells. Ion channels are one of the two classes of ionophoric proteins, the other being ion transporters.

Sodium channel

Sodium channels are integral membrane proteins that form ion channels, conducting sodium ions (Na+) through a cell's membrane. They belong to the superfamily of cation channels. They are classified into 2 types: In excitable cells such as neurons, myocytes, and certain types of glia, sodium channels are responsible for the rising phase of action potentials. These channels go through three different states called resting, active and inactive states.

Potassium channel

Potassium channels are the most widely distributed type of ion channel found in virtually all organisms. They form potassium-selective pores that span cell membranes. Potassium channels are found in most cell types and control a wide variety of cell functions. Potassium channels function to conduct potassium ions down their electrochemical gradient, doing so both rapidly (up to the diffusion rate of K+ ions in bulk water) and selectively (excluding, most notably, sodium despite the sub-angstrom difference in ionic radius).

Chloride channel

Chloride channels are a superfamily of poorly understood ion channels specific for chloride. These channels may conduct many different ions, but are named for chloride because its concentration in vivo is much higher than other anions. Several families of voltage-gated channels and ligand-gated channels (e.g., the CaCC families) have been characterized in humans. Voltage-gated chloride channels perform numerous crucial physiological and cellular functions, such as controlling pH, volume homeostasis, transporting organic solutes, regulating cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation.

Gravity wave

In fluid dynamics, gravity waves are waves generated in a fluid medium or at the interface between two media when the force of gravity or buoyancy tries to restore equilibrium. An example of such an interface is that between the atmosphere and the ocean, which gives rise to wind waves. A gravity wave results when fluid is displaced from a position of equilibrium. The restoration of the fluid to equilibrium will produce a movement of the fluid back and forth, called a wave orbit.

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