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Lecture

Protein Mass Spectrometry Insights

In course

CH-419: Protein mass spectrometry and proteomics

In systems biology, proteomics represents an essential pillar. The understanding of protein function and regulation provides key information to decipher the complexity of living systems. Proteomic technology now enables deep quantitative proteome mapping v ...

Description

This lecture delves into the mechanisms of material ejection in MALDI mass spectrometry, exploring the influence of laser fluence and spot size on ejection mechanisms and plume development. It discusses the complex cascade of events in MALDI, emphasizing the importance of laser parameters and analyte-matrix properties. The presentation provides insights into the unexplained spot size effect in MALDI, shedding light on analyte fragmentation and plume dynamics. Additionally, it covers mass analyzers in proteomics, including Quadrupole, Orbitrap, and Time of Flight, explaining their principles and applications.

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Instructor

Loïc Dayon

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Chemistry

Analytical chemistry: Mass spectrometry

Related concepts (32)

Mass spectrometry

Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that is used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. The results are presented as a mass spectrum, a plot of intensity as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio. Mass spectrometry is used in many different fields and is applied to pure samples as well as complex mixtures. A mass spectrum is a type of plot of the ion signal as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio.

Tandem mass spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is a technique in instrumental analysis where two or more mass analyzers are coupled together using an additional reaction step to increase their abilities to analyse chemical samples. A common use of tandem MS is the analysis of biomolecules, such as proteins and peptides. The molecules of a given sample are ionized and the first spectrometer (designated MS1) separates these ions by their mass-to-charge ratio (often given as m/z or m/Q).

Quadrupole mass analyzer

In mass spectrometry, the quadrupole mass analyzer (or quadrupole mass filter) is a type of mass analyzer originally conceived by Nobel laureate Wolfgang Paul and his student Helmut Steinwedel. As the name implies, it consists of four cylindrical rods, set parallel to each other. In a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) the quadrupole is the mass analyzer - the component of the instrument responsible for selecting sample ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z).

Ion source

An ion source is a device that creates atomic and molecular ions. Ion sources are used to form ions for mass spectrometers, optical emission spectrometers, particle accelerators, ion implanters and ion engines. Electron ionization Electron ionization is widely used in mass spectrometry, particularly for organic molecules. The gas phase reaction producing electron ionization is M{} + e^- -> M^{+\bullet}{} + 2e^- where M is the atom or molecule being ionized, e^- is the electron, and M^{+\bullet} is the resulting ion.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization

In mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is an ionization technique that uses a laser energy-absorbing matrix to create ions from large molecules with minimal fragmentation. It has been applied to the analysis of biomolecules (biopolymers such as DNA, proteins, peptides and carbohydrates) and various organic molecules (such as polymers, dendrimers and other macromolecules), which tend to be fragile and fragment when ionized by more conventional ionization methods.

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Mass Spectrometry: Ion Sources and Analyzers

On Mass Spectrometry explores ionization principles, mass sorting techniques, and various mass analyzers.

Mass Spectrometry: Detectors and Techniques

Explores mass spectrometry detectors, MS/MS, and various techniques for ion detection and analysis.

Mass Spectrometry: Analyzing Peptides with Tandem MS

Covers mass spectrometry and tandem MS/MS techniques for peptide analysis, focusing on ionization, fragmentation, and sequence identification.

Mass Spectrometry: Techniques and Applications

Explores mass spectrometry techniques for molecular analysis and protein identification through isotopic profiles and fragmentation patterns.

Proteomics Profiling Methods