Dependent and independent variablesDependent and independent variables are variables in mathematical modeling, statistical modeling and experimental sciences. Dependent variables are studied under the supposition or demand that they depend, by some law or rule (e.g., by a mathematical function), on the values of other variables. Independent variables, in turn, are not seen as depending on any other variable in the scope of the experiment in question. In this sense, some common independent variables are time, space, density, mass, fluid flow rate, and previous values of some observed value of interest (e.
Design of experimentsThe design of experiments (DOE or DOX), also known as experiment design or experimental design, is the design of any task that aims to describe and explain the variation of information under conditions that are hypothesized to reflect the variation. The term is generally associated with experiments in which the design introduces conditions that directly affect the variation, but may also refer to the design of quasi-experiments, in which natural conditions that influence the variation are selected for observation.
BiasBias is a disproportionate weight in favor of or against an idea or thing, usually in a way that is closed-minded, prejudicial, or unfair. Biases can be innate or learned. People may develop biases for or against an individual, a group, or a belief. In science and engineering, a bias is a systematic error. Statistical bias results from an unfair sampling of a population, or from an estimation process that does not give accurate results on average. The word appears to derive from Old Provençal into Old French biais, "sideways, askance, against the grain".
Valsery AbbeyValsery Abbey (Abbaye de Valsery; Abbaye Notre-Dame de Valsery) is a former Premonstratensian abbey located in Cœuvres-et-Valsery, Aisne, France. It was founded in 1124 near the Forest of Retz, which the Premonstratensian canons doubtless helped to clear. Whatever buildings remained of the abbey after the Revolution, when all monastic houses in France were suppressed, were ruined during World War I and abandoned. The site was declared a historic monument site in 1986, since when much investigation and restoration has taken place.
Timothy A. CohnTimothy A. Cohn (1957 – February 20, 2017) was an American hydrologist with the US Geological Survey, USGS Science Advisor for Hazards (1998–2001), and lecturer at Johns Hopkins University (2006 - ). Cohn served in the office of Senator Bill Bradley (D-NJ) in 1995-97 as a AAAS Congressional Science Fellow, and worked on the unsuccessful Bradley presidential campaign in 2000. After 2005, Cohn was a member of the Governing Board of the American Institute of Physics.
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