Lecture

Courtyard House: Siheyuan

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AR-456: Asian cities

Le centre de gravité de l'urbanisation du monde se déplace vers le continent asiatique. Quelles sont les singularités propres aux villes d'Asie? Comment se fabriquent-elles? Comment qualifier ces pratiques urbaines? Quelles sont leurs particularités cultur ...

Description

This lecture explores the Courtyard House (Siheyuan) in ancient Beijing, a historical residence surrounded by four buildings forming a symmetric close-end construction complex. It delves into the layout, social hierarchy, and architectural features of the main house, side house, and ear house, emphasizing security, protection, and beauty of the enclosed yard. Additionally, it discusses the preservation of Courtyard Houses as national cultural relics in China, focusing on their significance and typical locations. The lecture also touches upon the spatial and social organization models of communes and danweis, highlighting the importance of collective living, planned economy, and social stratification. It concludes with insights into the danwei system under Mao, detailing its role in providing basic services and organizing collective life within walled compounds.

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Related concepts (17)

Planned economy

A planned economy is a type of economic system where the distribution of goods and services or the investment, production and the allocation of capital goods takes place according to economic plans that are either economy-wide or limited to a category of goods and services. A planned economy may use centralized, decentralized, participatory or Soviet-type forms of economic planning. The level of centralization or decentralization in decision-making and participation depends on the specific type of planning mechanism employed.

Mixed economy

A mixed economy is variously defined as an economic system blending elements of a market economy with elements of a planned economy, markets with state interventionism, or private enterprise with public enterprise. Common to all mixed economies is a combination of free-market principles and principles of socialism. While there is no single definition of a mixed economy, one definition is about a mixture of markets with state interventionism, referring specifically to a capitalist market economy with strong regulatory oversight and extensive interventions into markets.

Market economy

A market economy is an economic system in which the decisions regarding investment, production and distribution to the consumers are guided by the price signals created by the forces of supply and demand. The major characteristic of a market economy is the existence of factor markets that play a dominant role in the allocation of capital and the factors of production.

Economic planning

Economic planning is a resource allocation mechanism based on a computational procedure for solving a constrained maximization problem with an iterative process for obtaining its solution. Planning is a mechanism for the allocation of resources between and within organizations contrasted with the market mechanism. As an allocation mechanism for socialism, economic planning replaces factor markets with a procedure for direct allocations of resources within an interconnected group of socially owned organizations which together comprise the productive apparatus of the economy.

Soviet-type economic planning

Soviet-type economic planning (STP) is the specific model of centralized planning employed by Marxist–Leninist socialist states modeled on the economy of the Soviet Union (USSR). The post-perestroika analysis of the system of the Soviet economic planning describes it as the administrative-command system due to the de facto priority of highly centralized management over planning.

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