Lecture

Dynamics of Mechanical Systems: Inertia Forces and Balancing

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In course

ME-311: Dynamical effects in mechanical design

Ce cours poursuit la compréhension des effets cinématiques et dynamiques de systèmes mécaniques complexes et introduit les bases pour les comprendre et les modéliser. L'étudiant saura expliquer et modéliser la dynamique et choisir des modèles adéquats. ...

Description

This lecture covers the dynamics of mechanical systems, focusing on inertia forces, resulting forces, and moments of inertia. It explains the concept of perfect balancing and how to achieve it by modifying mass distribution and adding auxiliary mechanisms. The importance of cam systems in compensating for inertia forces is also discussed.

Instructor

Jürg Alexander Schiffmann

Teaching & PhD PhD Students Hendrik Dietmar Schillinger, Gabriele Iovanna, Husam Jubran, Selahittin Atilay Zervent, Harshita Ravindra Agarwal, Anupam Jena, Issam Soukhmane, Tristan Wolff Schwab, Aman Jain, Masato Omotsubo, Konstantin Andreas Jacoby, Andrii Artomov, Arnau Catala I Rams, Elize Alwash, Emanuele Pallaoro, Anna Abramishvili Past EPFL PhD Students Violette Mounier, Karim Magdi Zakaria Abdelrahman Shalash, Patrick Hubert Wagner, Markus Diehl, Philipp Kaspar Bättig, Kévin Rosset, Eliott Philippe

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Physics

Mechanics: Classical mechanics

Related concepts (22)

Moment of inertia

The moment of inertia, otherwise known as the mass moment of inertia, angular mass, second moment of mass, or most accurately, rotational inertia, of a rigid body is a quantity that determines the torque needed for a desired angular acceleration about a rotational axis, akin to how mass determines the force needed for a desired acceleration. It depends on the body's mass distribution and the axis chosen, with larger moments requiring more torque to change the body's rate of rotation.

Net force

In mechanics, the net force is the sum of all the forces acting on an object. For example, if two forces are acting upon an object in opposite directions, and one force is greater than the other, the forces can be replaced with a single force that is the difference of the greater and smaller force. That force is the net force. When forces act upon an object, they change its acceleration. The net force is the combined effect of all the forces on the object's acceleration, as described by Newton's second law of motion.

Inertia

Inertia is the idea that an object will continue its current motion until some force causes its speed or direction to change. The term is properly understood as shorthand for "the principle of inertia" as described by Newton in his first law of motion. After some other definitions, Newton states in his first law of motion: LAW I. Every object perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a right line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed thereon.

Poinsot's ellipsoid

In classical mechanics, Poinsot's construction (after Louis Poinsot) is a geometrical method for visualizing the torque-free motion of a rotating rigid body, that is, the motion of a rigid body on which no external forces are acting. This motion has four constants: the kinetic energy of the body and the three components of the angular momentum, expressed with respect to an inertial laboratory frame. The angular velocity vector of the rigid rotor is not constant, but satisfies Euler's equations.

Resultant force

In physics and engineering, a resultant force is the single force and associated torque obtained by combining a system of forces and torques acting on a rigid body via vector addition. The defining feature of a resultant force, or resultant force-torque, is that it has the same effect on the rigid body as the original system of forces. Calculating and visualizing the resultant force on a body is done through computational analysis, or (in the case of sufficiently simple systems) a free body diagram.

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