Lecture

Dynamics of Mechanical Systems: Piston Machines

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In course

ME-311: Dynamical effects in mechanical design

Ce cours poursuit la compréhension des effets cinématiques et dynamiques de systèmes mécaniques complexes et introduit les bases pour les comprendre et les modéliser. L'étudiant saura expliquer et modéliser la dynamique et choisir des modèles adéquats. ...

Description

This lecture covers the dynamics of mechanical systems, focusing on the example of piston machines at EPFL. It explains the space laws of the connecting rod, crank, and piston, as well as the discretization of masses and calculation of inertia forces. The instructor demonstrates how to balance oscillating forces and discusses the addition of masses to reduce oscillations. Various examples, such as piston compressors and engine crankshafts, are used to illustrate the concepts of inertia forces and mass balancing in mechanical systems.

Instructor

Jürg Alexander Schiffmann

Teaching & PhD PhD Students Hendrik Dietmar Schillinger, Gabriele Iovanna, Husam Jubran, Selahittin Atilay Zervent, Harshita Ravindra Agarwal, Anupam Jena, Issam Soukhmane, Tristan Wolff Schwab, Aman Jain, Masato Omotsubo, Konstantin Andreas Jacoby, Andrii Artomov, Arnau Catala I Rams, Elize Alwash, Emanuele Pallaoro, Anna Abramishvili Past EPFL PhD Students Violette Mounier, Karim Magdi Zakaria Abdelrahman Shalash, Patrick Hubert Wagner, Markus Diehl, Philipp Kaspar Bättig, Kévin Rosset, Eliott Philippe

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Physics

Mechanics: Classical mechanics

Related concepts (32)

Inertia

Inertia is the idea that an object will continue its current motion until some force causes its speed or direction to change. The term is properly understood as shorthand for "the principle of inertia" as described by Newton in his first law of motion. After some other definitions, Newton states in his first law of motion: LAW I. Every object perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a right line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed thereon.

Rotation

Rotation or rotational motion is the circular movement of an object around a central line, known as axis of rotation. A plane figure can rotate in either a clockwise or counterclockwise sense around a perpendicular axis intersecting anywhere inside or outside the figure at a center of rotation. A solid figure has an infinite number of possible axes and angles of rotation, including chaotic rotation (between arbitrary orientations), in contrast to rotation around a axis.

Moment of inertia

The moment of inertia, otherwise known as the mass moment of inertia, angular mass, second moment of mass, or most accurately, rotational inertia, of a rigid body is a quantity that determines the torque needed for a desired angular acceleration about a rotational axis, akin to how mass determines the force needed for a desired acceleration. It depends on the body's mass distribution and the axis chosen, with larger moments requiring more torque to change the body's rate of rotation.

Net force

In mechanics, the net force is the sum of all the forces acting on an object. For example, if two forces are acting upon an object in opposite directions, and one force is greater than the other, the forces can be replaced with a single force that is the difference of the greater and smaller force. That force is the net force. When forces act upon an object, they change its acceleration. The net force is the combined effect of all the forces on the object's acceleration, as described by Newton's second law of motion.

Machine

A machine is a physical system using power to apply forces and control movement to perform an action. The term is commonly applied to artificial devices, such as those employing engines or motors, but also to natural biological macromolecules, such as molecular machines. Machines can be driven by animals and people, by natural forces such as wind and water, and by chemical, thermal, or electrical power, and include a system of mechanisms that shape the actuator input to achieve a specific application of output forces and movement.

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