Concept

Congenital heart defect

A congenital heart defect (CHD), also known as a congenital heart anomaly, congenital cardiovascular malformation, and congenital heart disease, is a defect in the structure of the heart or great vessels that is present at birth. A congenital heart defect is classed as a cardiovascular disease. Signs and symptoms depend on the specific type of defect. Symptoms can vary from none to life-threatening. When present, symptoms are variable and may include rapid breathing, bluish skin (cyanosis), poor weight gain, and feeling tired. CHD does not cause chest pain. Most congenital heart defects are not associated with other diseases. A complication of CHD is heart failure. Congenital heart defects are the most common birth defect. In 2015, they were present in 48.9 million people globally. They affect between 4 and 75 per 1,000 live births, depending upon how they are diagnosed. In about 6 to 19 per 1,000 they cause a moderate to severe degree of problems. Congenital heart defects are the leading cause of birth defect-related deaths: in 2015, they resulted in 303,300 deaths, down from 366,000 deaths in 1990. The cause of a congenital heart defect is often unknown. Risk factors include certain infections during pregnancy such as rubella, use of certain medications or drugs such as alcohol or tobacco, parents being closely related, or poor nutritional status or obesity in the mother. Having a parent with a congenital heart defect is also a risk factor. A number of genetic conditions are associated with heart defects, including Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, and Marfan syndrome. Congenital heart defects are divided into two main groups: cyanotic heart defects and non-cyanotic heart defects, depending on whether the child has the potential to turn bluish in color. The defects may involve the interior walls of the heart, the heart valves, or the large blood vessels that lead to and from the heart. Congenital heart defects are partly preventable through rubella vaccination, the adding of iodine to salt, and the adding of folic acid to certain food products.

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_heart_defect

About this result

This page is automatically generated and may contain information that is not correct, complete, up-to-date, or relevant to your search query. The same applies to every other page on this website. Please make sure to verify the information with EPFL's official sources.

Related courses (32)

EE-567: Semiconductor devices II

Students will learn about understanding the fundamentals and applications of emerging nanoscale devices, materials and concepts. Remark: at least 5 students should be enrolled for the course to be given ...

BIO-377: Physiology by systems

Le but est de connaitre et comprendre le fonctionnement des systèmes cardiovasculaire, urinaire, respiratoire, digestif, ainsi que du métabolisme de base et sa régulation afin de déveloper une réflection scientifique biomédicale. ...

MSE-326: Ceramic and colloidal processing

The course covers the production of ceramics and colloids from the basic scientific concepts and theories needed to understand the forming processes to the mechanisms and methods of sintering (firing) ceramics. Including the scientific principles behind th ...

Related lectures (32)

Additive Manufacturing of Aluminium: Alloy Design and Machine Learning Optimization

Explores additive manufacturing of aluminium, alloy design, and machine learning optimization, addressing challenges and successes in the field.

Configurational Forces: Defects in Materials

Explores configurational forces in materials, emphasizing equilibrium conditions and defect interactions.

Testing of VLSI Systems

Explores defects, errors, and faults in VLSI systems, including fault models and testing challenges.

Related publications (32)

A probabilistic buckling model for hemispherical shells with non-interacting localized defects

This paper presents a combined computational and analytical investigation on the probability distribution of the knockdown factor of hemispherical shells containing multiple non-interacting localized geometrical defects. In the analytical model, the statistics of the knockdown factor for shells with a single defect are explicitly linked to the statistics of the defect amplitude. The model is then extended to shells with multiple non-interacting defects of random amplitudes through a finite weakest-link form

2026

Performance of Free-Running Cardiac and Respiratory Motion-Resolved Whole-Heart 5D MRI in Congenital Heart Disease Patients Using a Gadolinium Enhanced Fast-Interrupted Steady-State Sequence

Background: The performance of 5D imaging in CHD has been previously demonstrated using ferumoxytol rather than gadolinium. Purpose: To evaluate the performance of gadolinium enhanced 5D MRI relative to 2D and 3D MRI in CHD patients. Study Type: Retrospective. Subjects: 45 consecutive CHD patients referred for clinically indicated MRI who underwent 2D, 3D, and 5D MRI. Field Strength/Sequence: 2D bSSFP CINE, 3D bSSFP, and 5D FISS at 1.5 T. Assessment: Scan time (2D, 3D, and 5D), left and right ventricular (L

Wiley2026

Improvements on uncertainty quantification with variational autoencoders

Alfio Quarteroni

Inverse problems aim to determine model parameters of a mathematical problem from given observational data. Neural networks can provide an efficient tool to solve these problems. In the context of Bayesian inverse problems, Uncertainty Quantification Variational AutoEncoders (UQ-VAE), a class of neural networks, approximate the posterior distribution mean and covariance of model parameters. This allows for both the estimation of the parameters and their uncertainty in relation to the observational data. In

World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd2026

Graph Chat

Chat with Graph Search

Ask any question about EPFL courses, lectures, exercises, research, news, etc. or try the example questions below.

DISCLAIMER: The Graph Chatbot is not programmed to provide explicit or categorical answers to your questions. Rather, it transforms your questions into API requests that are distributed across the various IT services officially administered by EPFL. Its purpose is solely to collect and recommend relevant references to content that you can explore to help you answer your questions.

Official source

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_heart_defect

About this result

Ontological neighbourhood

Health sciences

Cardiology: Cardiovascular disease

Related courses (32)

EE-567: Semiconductor devices II

BIO-377: Physiology by systems

MSE-326: Ceramic and colloidal processing

Related lectures (32)

Additive Manufacturing of Aluminium: Alloy Design and Machine Learning Optimization

Explores additive manufacturing of aluminium, alloy design, and machine learning optimization, addressing challenges and successes in the field.

Configurational Forces: Defects in Materials

Explores configurational forces in materials, emphasizing equilibrium conditions and defect interactions.

Testing of VLSI Systems

Explores defects, errors, and faults in VLSI systems, including fault models and testing challenges.

Related publications (32)

A probabilistic buckling model for hemispherical shells with non-interacting localized defects

2026

Performance of Free-Running Cardiac and Respiratory Motion-Resolved Whole-Heart 5D MRI in Congenital Heart Disease Patients Using a Gadolinium Enhanced Fast-Interrupted Steady-State Sequence

Wiley2026

Improvements on uncertainty quantification with variational autoencoders

Alfio Quarteroni

World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd2026

Related people (32)

Nicolas Grandjean

Nicolas Grandjean received a PhD degree in physics from the University ofNice Sophia Antipolis in 1994 and shortly thereafter joined the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) as a permanent staff member. In 2004, he was appointed tenure-track assistant professor at the École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) where he created the Laboratory for advanced semiconductors for photonics and electronics. He was promoted to full professor in 2009. He was the director of the Institute of Condensed Matter Physics from 2012 to 2016 and then moved to the University of California at Santa Barbara where he spent 6 months as a visiting professor. Since 2018, he is the head of the School of Physics at the EPFL. He was awarded the Sandoz Family Foundation Grant for Academic Promotion, received the “Nakamura Lecturer” Award in 2010, the "Quantum Devices Award” at the 2017 Compound Semiconductor Week, and “2016 best teacher” award from the EPFL Physics School. His research interests are focused on the physics of nanostructures and III-V nitride semiconductor quantum photonics.

Anna Fontcuberta i Morral

2014 Associate Professor at the Institut des Matériaux, EPFL 2008 Assistant Professor Tenure Track at the Institut des Matériaux, EPFL 2009 Habilitation in Physics, Technische Universität München 2005-2010 Marie Curie Excellence Grant Team Leader at Walter Schottky Institut, Technische Universität München, on leave from Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, France) 2004-2005 Visiting Scientist at the California Institute of Technology, on leave from CNRS; Senior Scientist and co-founder of Aonex Technologies (a startup company for large area layer transfer of InP and Ge on foreign substrates for the main application of multi-junction solar cells) 2003 Permanent Research Fellow at CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, France 2001-2002 Postdoctoral Scholar at the California Institute of Technology Study of wafer bonding and hydrogen-induced exfoliation processes for integration of mismatched materials in views of photovoltaic applications Sponsor: Professor Harry A. Atwater 1998-2001 PhD in Materials Science, Ecole Polytechnique Study of polymorphous silicon: growth mechanisms, optical and structural properties. Application to Solar Cells and Thin Film Transistors Advisor: Pere Roca i Cabarrocas 1997-1998 Diplôme dEtudes Approfondis (D.E.A.) in Materials Science at Université Paris XI, France . 1993-1997 BA in Physics at Universitat de Barcelona

Bernard Schneider

Teaching & PhD PhD Students Yesica Gloria, Christian Schellhaas Past EPFL PhD Students Vanessa Laversenne, Sameer Mohammad Khaleel Nazeeruddin, Emma Charlotta Källstig Past EPFL PhD Students as codirector Philippe Guillaume Coune, Emilda Pino, Elisabeth Anne Dirren, Aurélien Lathuilière, Wojciech Janusz Bobela, Lu Zheng, Cylia Cloé Rochat Courses Methods: from disease models to therapy BIOENG-518 This course will describe methods underlying translational approaches from disease modeling an

Francesco Palumbo

Education Ph.D - The role of the Foxo transcription factors in normal and aberrant late lung development | 2015 – 2022 Justus Liebig University Giessen - Max Plank Institute for Heard and Lung Research Master’s Degree in Cell and Molecular Biology - Metformin and nutrient availability modulate the mTOR pathway in human adenocarcinoma | 2011 – 2015 University of Rome "Tor Vergata"

Francesco Clavica

Amine Benouhiba

Amine Benouhiba graduated from the Preparatory School of Science and Technology, Algeria, in 2012. He received his engineering degree in material engineering from Ecole Nationale Polytechnique (ENP), Algeria, in 2015. He also received his master’s degree in innovative materials from Ecole centrale de Lyon (ECL) in 2016. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 2020 at the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté University. Currently, he is a postdoctoral researcher at Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). His research interests include the design and development of soft robotics, origami-inspired structures and microrobotics.

Jean-Marie Drezet

1992-1996: PhD work at Laboratoire de Métallurgie Physique under the supervision of Prof. Michel Rappaz (cf : http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?display=detail&nr=1509) 1997-2000: EMPACT project (European Modelling Programme for Aluminium Casting Technologies) 2001-2004: VIRCAST project (European Virtual Casting) 2005-2006: Study of the sawing process of rolling sheet al. ingots (Alcan Fonds) 2005-2006: WelAIR project (Welding of Airframes, EADS) 2005-2008: study of the electron beam welding of Cu-Cr-Zr alloys (CEA, France) 2006-2008: study of the laser beam welding of Al-Li alloys (EADS, France) 2008-2011: co-supervision with Prof. A. Nussbaumer of the PhD work of C. Acevedo on the influence of residual stresses on the fatigue design of tubular welded joints, http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=5056 2007-2010: co-supervision with Prof. J.-F. Molinari of the PhD work of K. Shahim on the Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (S. Momjian, HU-Genève et R. Sinkus, ESPCI-Paris), http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=5191 2008-2012: co-supervision with Prof. M. Rappaz of the PhD work of M. Sistaninia on the simulation of solidification cracking using granular models (CCMX-MERU project) 2010-2014: supervision with Prof. M. Rappaz of the PhD work of N. Chobaut on the modelling of stresses during quenching of thick heat treatable aluminium parts (CCMX-MERU project) 2011-2015: supervision with Prof. H. Van Swygenhoven-Moens of the PhD work of P. Schloth on precipitation during quenching of thick heat treatable aluminium parts (CCMX-MERU project)

Giuliana Rossi

Karen Scrivener

De nationalité anglaise, Karen Scrivener est née en 1958. Au cours de sa carrière, ses travaux et sa recherche traitaient des domaines suivants: Identification du développement microstucturale pendant l'hydratation du ciment. Elaboration d'une approche multitechnique pour étudier la microstucture des ciments et bétons, avec accent sur la quantification par analyse des images d'électrons retrodiffusés. Caractérisation de l'auréole de transition de la pâte de ciment autour des granulats. Compréhension des processus de dégardation des bétons, en particulier le gonflement lié à la formation de l'éttringite retardée dans les bétons étuvés.

Johan Auwerx

Johan Auwerx is Professor at the École Polytechnique Fédérale in Lausanne, Switzerland, where he occupies the Nestle Chair in Energy Metabolism. Dr. Auwerx has been using molecular physiology and systems genetics to understand metabolism in health, aging and disease. Much of his work focused on understanding how diet, exercise and hormones control metabolism through changing the expression of genes by altering the activity of transcription factors and their associated cofactors. His work was instrumental for the development of agonists of nuclear receptors - a particular class of transcription factors - into drugs, which now are used to treat high blood lipid levels, fatty liver, and type 2 diabetes. Dr. Auwerx was amongst the first to recognize that transcriptional cofactors, which fine-tune the activity of transcription factors, act as energy sensors/effectors that influence metabolic homeostasis. His research validated these cofactors as novel targets to treat metabolic diseases, and spurred the clinical use of natural compounds, such as resveratrol, as modulators of these cofactor pathways. Johan Auwerx was elected as a member of EMBO in 2003 and is the recipient of a dozen of international scientific prizes, including the Danone International Nutrition Award, the Oskar Minkowski Prize, and the Morgagni Gold Medal. His work is highly cited by his peers with a h-factor of over 100. He is an editorial board member of several journals, including Cell Metabolism, Molecular Systems Biology, The EMBO Journal, Journal of Cell Biology, Cell, and Science. Dr. Auwerx co-founded a handful of biotech companies, including Carex, PhytoDia, and most recently Mitobridge, and has served on several scientific advisory boards. Dr. Auwerx received both his MD and PhD in Molecular Endocrinology at the Katholieke Universiteit in Leuven, Belgium. He was a post-doctoral research fellow in the Departments of Medicine and Genetics of the University of Washington in Seattle.

Related units (14)

Chair of Atomic Scale Simulation

ISREC - Administration

IMX - Administration

Related concepts (30)

Transposition of the great vessels

Transposition of the great vessels (TGV) is a group of congenital heart defects involving an abnormal spatial arrangement of any of the great vessels: superior and/or inferior venae cavae, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, and aorta. Congenital heart diseases involving only the primary arteries (pulmonary artery and aorta) belong to a sub-group called transposition of the great arteries (TGA), which is considered the most common congenital heart lesion that presents in neonates.

Tetralogy of Fallot

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), formerly known as Steno-Fallot tetralogy, is a congenital heart defect characterized by four specific cardiac defects. Classically, the four defects are: pulmonary stenosis, which is narrowing of the exit from the right ventricle; a ventricular septal defect, which is a hole allowing blood to flow between the two ventricles; right ventricular hypertrophy, which is thickening of the right ventricular muscle; and an overriding aorta, which is where the aorta expands to allow blood from both ventricles to enter.

Patent ductus arteriosus

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a medical condition in which the ductus arteriosus fails to close after birth: this allows a portion of oxygenated blood from the left heart to flow back to the lungs through the aorta, which has a higher blood pressure, to the pulmonary artery, which has a lower blood pressure. Symptoms are uncommon at birth and shortly thereafter, but later in the first year of life there is often the onset of an increased work of breathing and failure to gain weight at a normal rate.