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Concept

Pathogen transmission

Related publications (25)

Microfluidic systems for infectious disease diagnostics

Martinus Adela Maria Gijs, Thomas Lehnert

Microorganisms, encompassing both uni- and multicellular entities, exhibit remarkable diversity as omnipresent life forms in nature. They play a pivotal role by supplying essential components for sustaining biological processes across diverse ecosystems, i ...

Royal Soc Chemistry2024

Inactivation of influenza A virus in expiratory droplets and aerosol particles and the associated physicochemical drivers

Aline Laetitia Schaub

Influenza is an infectious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. Every year, it causes up to one billion cases of disease worldwide. Despite its high disease burden, the transmission pathway of influenza remains subject to debate. There is incre ...

EPFL2024

Single-cell analysis of the interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and macrophages

Ophélie Rutschmann

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis is a highly effective pathogen infecting nearly a third of the world's population. An M. tuberculosis infection starts when droplets containing bacteria enter an individual's lungs. The first host cells to contact the bacteria ar ...

EPFL2024

A common NFKB1 variant detected through antibody analysis in UK Biobank predicts risk of infection and allergy

Jacques Fellay, Flavia Aurelia Shoko Hodel

Infectious agents contribute significantly to the global burden of diseases through both acute infection and their chronic sequelae. We leveraged the UK Biobank to identify genetic loci that influence humoral immune response to multiple infections. From 45 ...

2024

Radio-Activities: Architecture and Broadcasting in Cold War Berlin

Alfredo Thiermann

A historical and theoretical account of the city of Berlin from the intertwined perspectives of architecture, environmental, and media studies. In 1945, having occupied German territory, Soviet troops made two strategic moves: they dismantled the Deutschla ...

MIT Press2024

Stay close, but not too close: aerial image analysis reveals patterns of social distancing in seal colonies

Devis Tuia, Benjamin Alexander Kellenberger

Many species aggregate in dense colonies. Species-specific spatial patterns provide clues about how colonies are shaped by various (a)biotic factors, including predation, temperature regulation or disease transmission. Using aerial imagery, we examined the ...

2023

Spatially explicit effective reproduction numbers from incidence and mobility data

Andrea Rinaldo, Enrico Bertuzzo, Lorenzo Mari, Damiano Pasetto, Cristiano Trevisin

Current methods for near real-time estimation of effective reproduction numbers from surveillance data overlook mobility fluxes of infectors and susceptible individuals within a spatially connected network (the metapopulation). Exchanges of infections amon ...

2023

Expiratory Aerosol pH is a Driver of the Persistence of Airborne Influenza A Virus

Aline Laetitia Schaub

To mitigate the spread of a viral disease, it is crucial to understand the factors that influence airborne virus transmission. However, the micro-environment to which the virus is exposed in expiratory aerosol particles is highly complex. The relative humi ...

SWISS CHEMICAL SOC2023

Host-Pathogen Interactions Through the Genomic Lens

Zhi Ming Xu

Hosts and pathogens are involved in a long-standing evolutionary arms race characterized by successive rounds of evolution. Specifically, while hosts evolve resistance against infections, pathogens adapt to re-establish virulence. Since the signatures of t ...

EPFL2023

Back-to-Africa introductions of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as the main cause of tuberculosis in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Jacques Fellay, Zhi Ming Xu

In settings with high tuberculosis (TB) endemicity, distinct genotypes of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) often differ in prevalence. However, the factors leading to these differences remain poorly understood. Here we studied the MTBC populat ...

PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE2023

Community-Aware Group Testing

Christina Fragouli, Suhas Diggavi, Pavlos Nikolopoulos

Group testing is a technique that can reduce the number of tests needed to identify infected members in a population, by pooling together multiple diagnostic samples. Despite the variety and importance of prior results, traditional work on group testing ha ...

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC2023

Optimal control of the spatial allocation of COVID-19 vaccines: Italy as a case study

Andrea Rinaldo, Enrico Bertuzzo, Lorenzo Mari, Damiano Pasetto, Joseph Chadi Benoit Lemaitre

While campaigns of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 are underway across the world, communities face the challenge of a fair and effective distribution of a limited supply of doses. Current vaccine allocation strategies are based on criteria such as age or ri ...

2022

Epidemicity of cholera spread and the fate of infection control measures

Andrea Rinaldo, Lorenzo Mari, Damiano Pasetto, Joseph Chadi Benoit Lemaitre, Cristiano Trevisin

The fate of ongoing infectious disease outbreaks is predicted through reproduction numbers, defining the long-term establishment of the infection, and epidemicity indices, tackling the reactivity of the infectious pool to new contagions. Prognostic metrics ...

2022

Inferring Transmission Fitness Advantage of SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern in Wastewater Using Digital PCR

Tamar Kohn, Timothy R. Julian, Xavier Fernandez Cassi

Throughout the global COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants of concern (VOCs) have repeatedly and independently arisen. VOCs are characterized by increased transmissibility, increased virulence, or reduced neutralization by antibodies obtained fro ...

2022

A highly virulent variant of HIV-1 circulating in the Netherlands

Jacques Fellay

We discovered a highly virulent variant of subtype-B HIV-1 in the Netherlands. One hundred nine individuals with this variant had a 0.54 to 0.74 log(10) increase (i.e., a similar to 3.5-fold to 5.5-fold increase) in viral load compared with, and exhibited ...

American Association for the Advancement of Science2022

Projected resurgence of COVID-19 in the United States in July-December 2021 resulting from the increased transmissibility of the Delta variant and faltering vaccination

Francisco Javier Perez Saez

In Spring 2021, the highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant began to cause increases in cases, hospitalizations, and deaths in parts of the United States. At the time, with slowed vaccination uptake, this novel variant was expected to increase the ri ...

eLIFE SCIENCES PUBL LTD2022

Specchio-COVID19 cohort study: a longitudinal follow-up of SARS-CoV-2 serosurvey participants in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland

Stéphane Joost, Idris Guessous

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has affected billions of people around the world both directly through the infection itself and indirectly through its economic, social and sanitary impact. Collecting data over time is essential for the understanding of ...

BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP2022

Expiratory Aerosol pH: The Overlooked Driver of Airborne Virus Inactivation

Athanasios Nenes, Tamar Kohn, Kalliopi Violaki, Ghislain Gilles Jean-Michel Motos, Aline Laetitia Schaub, Shannon Christa David, Walter Hugentobler

Respiratory viruses, including influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2, are transmitted by the airborne route. Air filtration and ventilation mechanically reduce the concentration of airborne viruses and are necessary tools for disease mitigation. However, they ign ...

2023

Development and validation of a multiplex real-time qPCR assay using GMP-grade reagents for leprosy diagnosis

Stewart Cole, Charlotte Avanzi

Author summaryLeprosy is a chronic dermato-neurological disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an obligate intracellular bacterium. Diagnosis of leprosy often relies on skin examinations for clinical signs, bacilli staining from skin smears and invasive s ...

PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE2022

Enabling inter-area reserve exchange through stable benefit allocation mechanisms *

Maryam Kamgarpour

The establishment of a single European day-ahead market has accomplished the integration of the regional day-ahead markets. However, reserve provision and activation remain an exclusive responsibility of regional operators. This limited spatial coordinatio ...

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD2022