Concept

Computational hardness assumption

Related publications (26)

Secure and Efficient Cryptographic Algorithms in a Quantum World

Since the advent of internet and mass communication, two public-key cryptographic algorithms have shared the monopoly of data encryption and authentication: Diffie-Hellman and RSA. However, in the last few years, progress made in quantum physics -- and mo ...

EPFL2024

Extractable Witness Encryption for the Homogeneous Linear Equations Problem

Serge Vaudenay, Bénédikt Minh Dang Tran

Witness encryption is a cryptographic primitive which encrypts a message under an instance of an NP language and decrypts the ciphertext using a witness associated with that instance. In the current state of the art, most of the witness encryption construc ...

Springer2023

Public-Key Encryption with Quantum Keys

Khashayar Barooti

In the framework of Impagliazzo's five worlds, a distinction is often made between two worlds, one where public-key encryption exists (Cryptomania), and one in which only one-way functions exist (MiniCrypt). However, the boundaries between these worlds can ...

Springer International Publishing Ag2023

Security in the Presence of Quantum Adversaries

Khashayar Barooti

With the looming threat of large-scale quantum computers, a fair portion of recent cryptographic research has focused on examining cryptographic primitives from the perspective of a quantum adversary. Shor's 1994 result revealed that quantum computers can ...

EPFL2023

Post-Quantum Succinct Arguments: Breaking the Quantum Rewinding Barrier

Alessandro Chiesa

We prove that Kilian's four-message succinct argument system is post-quantum secure in the standard model when instantiated with any probabilistically checkable proof and any collapsing hash function (which in turn exist based on the post-quantum hardness ...

IEEE COMPUTER SOC2022

Bootstrapping for Approximate Homomorphic Encryption with Negligible Failure-Probability by Using Sparse-Secret Encapsulation

Jean-Pierre Hubaux, Juan Ramón Troncoso-Pastoriza, Jean-Philippe Léonard Bossuat

Bootstrapping parameters for the approximate homomorphic-encryption scheme of Cheon et al., CKKS (Asiacrypt 17), are usually instantiated using sparse secrets to be efficient. However, using sparse secrets constrains the range of practical parameters withi ...

SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG2022

The double exponential runtime is tight for 2-stage stochastic ILPs

Kim-Manuel Klein, Alexandra Anna Lassota

We consider fundamental algorithmic number theoretic problems and their relation to a class of block structured Integer Linear Programs (ILPs) called 2-stage stochastic. A 2-stage stochastic ILP is an integer program of the form min{c(T)x vertical bar Ax = ...

SPRINGER HEIDELBERG2022

Attacks on some post-quantum cryptographic protocols: The case of the Legendre PRF and SIKE

Novak Kaluderovic

Post-quantum cryptography is a branch of cryptography which deals with cryptographic algorithms whose hardness assumptions are not based on problems known to be solvable by a quantum computer, such as the RSA problem, factoring or discrete logarithms. This ...

EPFL2022

On Succinct Non-interactive Arguments in Relativized Worlds

Alessandro Chiesa

Succinct non-interactive arguments of knowledge (SNARKs) are cryptographic proofs with strong efficiency properties. Applications of SNARKs often involve proving computations that include the SNARK verifier, a technique called recursive composition. Unfort ...

SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG2022

Privacy and Integrity Preserving Computations with CRISP

Jean-Pierre Hubaux, Juan Ramón Troncoso-Pastoriza, Apostolos Pyrgelis, Sylvain Chatel

In the digital era, users share their personal data with service providers to obtain some utility, e.g., access to high-quality services. Yet, the induced information flows raise privacy and integrity concerns. Consequently, cautious users may want to prot ...

USENIX ASSOC2021

Efficient Bootstrapping for Approximate Homomorphic Encryption with Non-sparse Keys

Jean-Pierre Hubaux, Juan Ramón Troncoso-Pastoriza, Jean-Philippe Léonard Bossuat, Christian Vincent Mouchet

We present a bootstrapping procedure for the full-RNS variant of the approximate homomorphic-encryption scheme of Cheon et al., CKKS (Asiacrypt 17, SAC 18). Compared to the previously proposed procedures (Eurocrypt 18 & 19, CT-RSA 20), our bootstrapping pr ...

SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG2021

Multiquadratic Rings and Walsh-Hadamard Transforms for Oblivious Linear Function Evaluation

Juan Ramón Troncoso-Pastoriza

The Ring Learning with Errors (RLWE) problem has become one of the most widely used cryptographic assumptions for the construction of modern cryptographic primitives. Most of these solutions make use of power-of-two cyclotomic rings mainly due to its simpl ...

IEEE2020

EVA: An Encrypted Vector Arithmetic Language and Compiler for Efficient Homomorphic Computation

Blagovesta Hristova Kostova

Fully-Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) offers powerful capabilities by enabling secure offloading of both storage and computation, and recent innovations in schemes and implementations have made it all the more attractive. At the same time, FHE is notoriously ...

ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY2020

Time in cryptography

Gwangbae Choi

Time travel has always been a fascinating topic in literature and physics. In cryptography, one may wonder how to keep data confidential for some time. In this dissertation, we will study how to make private information travel to the future. This dissertat ...

EPFL2020

On the Security of Two-Round Multi-Signatures

Bryan Alexander Ford, Kasra Edalatnejadkhamene

A multi-signature scheme allows a group of signers to collaboratively sign a message, creating a single signature that convinces a verifier that every individual signer approved the message. The increased interest in technologies to decentralize trust has ...

IEEE Computer Society2019

No Small Linear Program Approximates Vertex Cover Within a Factor 2-epsilon

Ola Nils Anders Svensson, Abbas Bazzi

The vertex cover problem is one of the most important and intensively studied combinatorial optimization problems. Khot and Regev [Khot S, Regev O (2008) Vertex cover might be hard to approximate to within 2 - epsilon. J. Comput. System Sci. 74(3): 335-349 ...

INFORMS2019

Short Stickelberger Class Relations and Application to Ideal-SVP

Benjamin Pierre Charles Wesolowski

The worst-case hardness of finding short vectors in ideals of cyclotomic number fields (Ideal-SVP) is a central matter in lattice based cryptography. Assuming the worst-case hardness of Ideal-SVP allows to prove the Ring-LWE and Ring-SIS assumptions, and t ...

Springer International Publishing Ag2017

Polynomially Solvable Instances of the Shortest and Closest Vector Problems With Applications to Compute-and-Forward

Michael Christoph Gastpar, Saeid Sahraei

A particular instance of the shortest vector problem (SVP) appears in the context of compute-and-forward. Despite the NP-hardness of the SVP, we will show that this certain instance can be solved in complexity order O(nψlog(nψ)) , where ψ=sqrt(P ||h||^2+1) ...

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers2017

Avalanches in dry and saturated disordered media at fracture in shear and mixed mode scenarios

Jean-François Molinari, Enrico Milanese, Okan Yilmaz

We investigate shear and mixed mode fracture scenarios in inhomogeneous dry and fully saturated porous media with a 2D central force lattice model. For the fully saturated case we adopt the extended Biot's theory. The bars of the lattice break only under t ...

Elsevier2017

Improved hardness results for unique shortest vector problem

Divesh Aggarwal

The unique shortest vector problem on a rational lattice is the problem of finding the shortest non-zero vector under the promise that it is unique (up to multiplication by -1). We give several incremental improvements on the known hardness of the unique s ...

Elsevier2016