Concept

Colligative properties

Related publications (21)

Using continuous electrical conductivity measurements to derive major solute concentrations in karst systems

Hydrochemical data of karst springs provide valuable insights into the internal hydrodynamical functioning of karst systems and support model structure identification. However, the collection of high-frequency time series of major solute species is limited ...

WILEY2023

The Height of Chitinous Ridges Alone Produces the Entire Structural Color Palette

Hemant Kumar Raut

The colorful wings of butterflies result from the interaction between light and the intricate chitinous nanostructures on butterflies’ scales. This study demonstrates that just by reproducing the chitinous ridges present in butterfly scales (i.e., without ...

2022

Quantitative electronic structure and work-function changes of liquid water induced by solute

Bruno Credidio

Recent advancement in quantitative liquid-jet photoelectron spectroscopy enables the accurate determination of the absolute-scale electronic energetics of liquids and species in solution. The major objective of the present work is the determination of the ...

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY2022

Dissolved major and trace geochemical dynamics in Antarctic lacustrine systems

Tyler Joe Kohler

Clearwater Mesa Uames Ross Island, northeast Antarctic Peninsula) provides a unique opportunity to study solute dynamics and geochemical weathering in the pristine lacustrine systems of a high latitude environment. In order to determine major controls on t ...

Elsevier2020

Water Activity from Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Kirkwood-Buff Theory

Satoshi Takahama, Mária Lbadaoui-Darvas

Water activity and related thermodynamic properties are calculated for several aqueous solutions using equilibrium molecular dynamics in conjunction with the recent extension of the Kirkwood-Buff (KB) theory for closed systems. The general applicability of ...

AMER CHEMICAL SOC2019

In Situ Liquid SAXS Studies on the Early Stage of Calcium Carbonate Formation

Andrea Testino, Agnese Carino, Mohammad Reza Andalibi

Calcium carbonate is a model system to investigate the mechanism of solid formation by precipitation from solutions, and it is often considered in the debated classical and nonclassical nucleation mechanism. Despite the great scientific relevance of calciu ...

2019

Unsupervised Robust Nonparametric Learning Of Hidden Community Properties

Martin Jaggi, Mikhail Langovoy

We consider learning of fundamental properties of communities in large noisy networks, in the prototypical situation where the nodes or users are split into two classes according to a binary property, e.g., according to their opinions or preferences on a t ...

2019

The Jones–Ray Effect Is Not Caused by Surface-Active Impurities

Sylvie Roke, Halil Ibrahim Okur

Pure aqueous electrolyte solutions display a minimum in surface tension at concentrations of 2 ± 1 mM. This effect has been a source of controversy since it was first reported by Jones and Ray in the 1930s. The Jones–Ray effect has frequently been dismisse ...

2018

Decomposing the Bulk Electrical Conductivity of Streamflow To Recover Individual Solute Concentrations at High Frequency

Paolo Benettin

The ability to evaluate stream hydrochemistry is often constrained by the capacity to sample streamwater at an adequate frequency. While technology is no longer a limiting factor, costs and sample management can still be a barrier to high-resolution water ...

Amer Chemical Soc2017

Strengthening of high entropy alloys by dilute solute additions: CoCrFeNiAlx and CoCrFeNiMnAlx alloys

William Curtin, Céline Varvenne

A theory to predict the initial flow stress of an arbitrary N-component fcc random alloy is extended to predict the additional strengthening when a dilute concentration of a substitutional element is introduced. Assuming properties for the N-component allo ...

2017

Rich Vehicle and Inventory Routing Problems with Stochastic Demands

Iliya Dimitrov Markov

This thesis develops a unified framework for modeling and solving various classes of rich routing problems with stochastic demands, including the VRP and the IRP. The work is inspired by the problem of collecting recyclables from sensorized containers in G ...

EPFL2017

Microalloying for the controllable delay of precipitate formation in metal alloys

William Curtin

A model is presented to predict the effectiveness of dilute solutes in delaying precipitate formation, with application to natural and artificial aging in metal alloys. Control of aging is achieved via the binding, at natural aging temperatures, and releas ...

Elsevier2016

Molecular Effects of Concentrated Solutes on Protein Hydration, Dynamics, and Electrostatics

Matteo Dal Peraro, Luciano Andres Abriata, Enrico Spiga

Most studies of protein structure and function are performed in dilute conditions, but proteins typically experience high solute concentrations in their physiological scenarios and biotechnological applications. High solute concentrations have well-known e ...

Cell Press2016

Systematic Tuning and Multifunctionalization of Covalent Organic Polymers for Enhanced Carbon Capture

Berend Smit

Porous covalent polymers are attracting increasing interest in the fields of gas adsorption, gas separation, and catalysis due to their fertile synthetic polymer chemistry, large internal surface areas, and ultrahigh hydrothermal stabilities. While precise ...

American Chemical Society2015

Toward a Materials Genome Approach for Ionic Liquids: Synthesis Guided by Ab Initio Property Maps

Berend Smit

The Materials Genome Approach (MGA) aims to accelerate development of new materials by incorporating computational and data-driven approaches to reduce the cost of identification of optimal structures for a given application. Here, we use the MGA to guide ...

Amer Chemical Soc2014

Selective hydrogenation of 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol over Pd-nanoparticles stabilized in hypercrosslinked polystyrene: Solvent effect

Lioubov Kiwi

Selective hydrogenation of 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol (MBY) to 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol (MBE) over Pd supported on hypercrosslinked polystyrene was studied in polar (ethanol, isopropanol, water) and non-polar (cyclohexane, toluene, octane, hexane, heptane and m-x ...

Elsevier2014

Biogeochemical controls on the product of microbial U(VI) reduction

Rizlan Bernier-Latmani, Daniel Scott Alessi, Malgorzata Alicja Stylo, Paul Pao-Yun Shao

Biologically mediated immobilization of radio-nuclides in the subsurface is a promising strategy for the remediation of uranium-contaminated sites. During this process, soluble U(VI) is reduced by indigenous microorganisms to sparingly soluble U(TV). The c ...

Amer Chemical Soc2013

Reoptimized interaction parameters for the peptide-backbone model compound N-methylacetamide in the GROMOS force field: Influence on the folding properties of two beta-peptides in methanol

Bruno Araujo Cautiero Horta

Considering N-methylacetamide (NMA) as a model compound, new interaction parameters are developed for the amide function in the GROMOS force field that are compatible with the recently derived 53A6OXY parameter set for oxygen-containing chemical functions. ...

Wiley-Blackwell2012

Experimental and modeling investigations on local performance and local degradation in solid oxide fuel cells

Zacharie Wuillemin

This thesis focuses on performance, reliability and degradation in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), which currently represent the three key technical challenges for the deployment of this technology. By its development of dedicated modeling and experimental ...

EPFL2009

Vibrational coherences of the protonated Schiff base of all-trans-retinal in solution

Majed Chergui, Stefan Haacke, Goran Zgrablic

Modulations in the time gated ultrafast fluorescence of the protonated Schiff base of retinal in various solvents are reported, which reflect the creation and evolution of vibrational wave packets due to the torsional mode of retinal of frequency .apprx.12 ...

2007