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We introduce a novel degradation effect of the transparent conductive oxide zinc oxide (ZnO). The effect is observed for ZnO layers deposited on commercially available soda-lime glass. When an electric ﬁeld is applied, the potential induced anodic degradation causes a massive sheet resistance increase of the ZnO. We show that the increase in resistance strongly affects the power output of a small non-encapsulated thin-ﬁlm photovoltaic module, in which ZnO was used as the front electrode. For the module, an

Recently, the development of micro-scale solid oxide fuel cells (µ-SOFCs) has become a promising research topic in the area of portable energy production. A µ-SOFC system, which can provide 1 to 2 W electrical power under an operating temperature of 550°C 1-2, mainly consists of a fuel processor, an electrochemical power generator, and a post combustor. The role of the fuel processor is to generate a hydrogen-rich product stream that is fed to the power generation module. In previous works, various micromac

Micro solid-oxide fuel cells (μ-SOFCs) based on microfabrication processes are a promising alternative to batteries for supplying portable electronics, as very high energy densities may be achieved. However, a complete μ-SOFC module is a quite intricate structure, comprising 1) a gas-processing unit (GPU) to process a convenient energy source such as lighter gas into a more usable form, 2) the energy-generating cells proper, and 3) a post-combustor. The mechanical integration of these elements and their flu

Piezoresistive sensors based on steel and other metallic substrates provide higher strain response than on standard ceramic substrates and are more easily packaged. But exposing high-strength steels to the standard high- temperature 850°C thick-film firing cycle affects their mechanical properties. In previous studies, we have developed a range of low-firing thick-film materials based on lead borosilicate glass, which allows processing at low temperatures. However, it is desirable to develop alternatives to

Wetting and sticking of soda-lime glass on two types of stainless steel as well as on platinum and vitreous carbon substrates are studied in a neutral gas atmosphere between 860 and 1200degreesC. Wetting is measured by the "transferred drop" version of the sessile drop technique, enabling fully isothermal spreading kinetics to be monitored. Sticking is investigated by measuring the temperature of glass drop detachment from the substrate during cooling below the vitreous transition temperature. Characterizat

We introduce powder blasting for the fabrication of glass microchips. Powder blasting is a fast and cheap technique with which we pattern channels in sodalime and pyrex glass with a width down to 100µm. We combine the technique with appropriate bonding procedures to realise sealed microchannel structures. We study the transport of fluorescent dye solutions and fluorescent beads within channels made by powder blasting and in "classical" channels made by HF-etching. We find a remarkable difference in sign of

The printing of lead zirconate titanate (PZT, Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3) piezoelectric thick films on silicon substrates is being studied for potential use as microactuators, microsensors, and micro.. transducers. A fundamental challenge in the fabrication of useful PZT thick-film devices on silicon is to sinter the PZT to high density at sufficiently low temperature to avoid mechanical or chemical degradation of the silicon substrate. The goal of the present study is to develop and implement suitable electrodes and PZT

Within the overall objective of developing a low dead volume technology for basic microfluidic valving, shunting and switching functionalities, the use of microbubbles is proposed. As a case study, a normally-closed, bubble-based microvalve design is presented. The valve, implemented using an all-Pyrex technology, can withstand high pressures limited only by the degree to which the vertical etch rate of Pyrex can be controlled. Measurements made on several prototypes show valve breaking pressures of approxi

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Anodic degradation of ZnO on soda-lime glass

A novel fuel processing platform for micro-scale solid oxide fuel cells

Ceramic modules for micro solid-oxide fuel cells

Development of low-firing lead-free thick-film materials on steel alloys for piezoresistive sensor applications

Wetting, interfacial interactions and sticking in glass/steel systems

Powder blasting for the realisation of microchips for bio-analytic applications

Processing and properties of screen-printed lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric thick films on electroded silicon

Bubble engineering for biomedical valving applications