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Concept

Osmotic pressure

Related publications (26)

Osmosis-driven stiffening of structured hydrogels

Esther Amstad, Ran Zhao, Alexandra Thoma

Plant cells harness osmotic pressures to stiffen their leaves through strong turgor pressures. Key to this osmosisdriven stiffening is the confinement of liquids within semipermeable membranes that can regulate the transport of water molecules and ions. In ...

Elsevier2024

Selectively permeable microcapsules

Chuen-Ru Li

Microcapsules are appealing containers for delivering active ingredients, such as drugs and cosmetics, or conducting chemical and biological reactions on a small scale. To control the timing and location of release of these encapsulants, the shells of micr ...

EPFL2023

Homogenization theory captures macroscopic flow discontinuities across Janus membranes

François Gallaire, Pier Giuseppe Ledda, Giuseppe Antonio Zampogna, Kevin Wittkowski

Janus membranes, thin permeable structures with chemical and geometrical asymmetric properties, show great potential in industrial separation processes. Yet the link between the micro- and macro-scale behaviours of these membranes needs to be established r ...

Cambridge University Press2023

Using continuous electrical conductivity measurements to derive major solute concentrations in karst systems

Paolo Benettin

Hydrochemical data of karst springs provide valuable insights into the internal hydrodynamical functioning of karst systems and support model structure identification. However, the collection of high-frequency time series of major solute species is limited ...

WILEY2023

Transport across thin membranes: Effective solute flux jump

François Gallaire, Pier Giuseppe Ledda, Giuseppe Antonio Zampogna

A model to describe the transport across membranes of chemical species dissolved in an incompressible flow is developed via homogenization. The asymptotic matching between the microscopic and macroscopic solute concentration fields leads to a solute flux j ...

AIP Publishing2022

Pretreatment options for micropollutant abatement before aquifer recharge in drinking water production: Assessment of UV/H2O2 and dense membranes

Robin Wünsch

Micropollutants (MP) such as residues of pharmaceuticals, industrial chemicals or pesticides can be detected in almost all water resources. Various processes can be used to abate them in drinking water treatment, e.g., ozonation, advanced oxidation process ...

EPFL2022

Quantitative electronic structure and work-function changes of liquid water induced by solute

Bruno Credidio

Recent advancement in quantitative liquid-jet photoelectron spectroscopy enables the accurate determination of the absolute-scale electronic energetics of liquids and species in solution. The major objective of the present work is the determination of the ...

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY2022

Analysis of double cross-slip of pyramidal I < c plus a > screw dislocations and implications for ductility in Mg alloys

William Curtin, Rasool Ahmad

Solute accelerated cross-slip of pyramidal < c + a > screw dislocations has recently been recognized as a crucial mechanism in enhancing the ductility of solid-solution Mg alloys. In pure Mg, cross-slip is ineffective owing to the energy difference between ...

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD2020

Density effects on solute release from the streambed

David Andrew Barry

Contaminants can be released to the stream from the bed by previous pollution events. The releasing contaminants may cause secondary pollution for a river, which impacts the river’s eco-environmental condition. By means of laboratory experiments and numeri ...

2020

Machine Learning-Guided Approach for Studying Solvation Environments

Sandip De

Molecular-level understanding and characterization of solvation environments are often needed across chemistry, biology, and engineering. Toward practical modeling of local solvation effects of any solute in any solvent, we report a static and all-quantum ...

AMER CHEMICAL SOC2020

Time-lapse high-resolution microscopy to study the morphogenesis of microorganisms

Mélanie Thérèse Marie Hannebelle

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent for the tuberculosis disease, is a bacterial pathogen thought to infect about a quarter of the global human population. It is the first cause of death among infectious diseases, and is most prevalent in low ...

EPFL2020

Triboelectric effect to harness fluid flow energy

Danick Briand, Rubaiyet Iftekharul Haque

We are reporting energy scavenging from fluid flows inside tubular structures using triboelectric effects. Two separate designs of triboelectric generators are proposed. A tubular design that uses liquid-solid interaction mechanism for water, and freestand ...

IOP PUBLISHING LTD2019

2D nanopores: fabrication, energy harvesting and field-effect sensing

Michael Graf

Solid-state nanopores are man-made, nano-sized openings in membranes separating two chambers containing an electrolyte solution. When applying an electric field across the membrane, the nanopore provides the only path for mobile ions to pass from one side ...

EPFL2019

Microfluidic Production of Capsules-in-Capsules for Programed Release of Multiple Ingredients

Esther Amstad

Capsules with thin shells have a high‐loading capacity and are thus well‐suited containers for reagents that must be stored in confined volumes. Capsules contained in larger capsules, so‐called double capsules, allow the encapsulation of distinct reagents ...

Wiley2018

Decomposing the Bulk Electrical Conductivity of Streamflow To Recover Individual Solute Concentrations at High Frequency

Paolo Benettin

The ability to evaluate stream hydrochemistry is often constrained by the capacity to sample streamwater at an adequate frequency. While technology is no longer a limiting factor, costs and sample management can still be a barrier to high-resolution water ...

Amer Chemical Soc2017

Identification of the inactivating factors and mechanisms exerted on MS2 coliphage in concentrated synthetic urine

Tamar Kohn, Loïc Decrey

Volume reduction (condensation) is a key for the practical usage of human urine as a fertilizer because it enables the saving of storage space and the reduction of transportation cost. However, concentrated urine may carry infectious disease risks resultin ...

Elsevier2017

Single-layer MoS2 nanopores as nanopower generators

Aleksandra Radenovic, Andras Kis, Ke Liu, Dumitru Dumcenco, Michael Graf, Dmitry Ovchinnikov, Jiandong Feng

Making use of the osmotic pressure difference between fresh water and seawater is an attractive, renewable and clean way to generate power and is known as 'blue energy'(1-3). Another electrokinetic phenomenon, called the streaming potential, occurs when an ...

Nature Publishing Group2016

Osmolarity: A hidden factor in Nanotoxicology

Omid Mashinchian

In the field of drug delivery, long circulating nanocarriers in the blood have many advantages such as targeted drug delivery and sustained release. Based on our current knowledge, evaluation of the effect of long circulating nanocarriers in the blood stre ...

Biomed Central Ltd2016

Microalloying for the controllable delay of precipitate formation in metal alloys

William Curtin

A model is presented to predict the effectiveness of dilute solutes in delaying precipitate formation, with application to natural and artificial aging in metal alloys. Control of aging is achieved via the binding, at natural aging temperatures, and releas ...

Elsevier2016

Molecular Effects of Concentrated Solutes on Protein Hydration, Dynamics, and Electrostatics

Matteo Dal Peraro, Luciano Andres Abriata, Enrico Spiga

Most studies of protein structure and function are performed in dilute conditions, but proteins typically experience high solute concentrations in their physiological scenarios and biotechnological applications. High solute concentrations have well-known e ...

Cell Press2016